It和that的用法

Question

就是它们关于代词的用法

Answer 1

It做形式主语，代替由不定式，动名词短语或是从句所表示的真正的主语。如It’s no use talking to him about it.
It做形式宾语，代替一个由不定式，动名词，或是宾语从句，如I think it no use arguing with him.
it可以指季节,时间, 距离
如 It was mid summer.
It’s only five miles.

同时在强调句中，It + be + 要强调的部分+ that(who, whom) + 句子其他部分 .这个句型很重要，记住即可。
that有些固定的搭配 如 so that ，such that。

that 用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。
1. that名词性从句。
①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。
I didn't expect (that) he could win the championship.
The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough.
② 引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。
That the earth goes around the sun is known to everyone.
（It is known to everyone that the earth goes around the sun.）
③引导表语从句。
The trouble is that we are short of money.
④引导同位语从句。
引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用，在从句中不作任何成分；而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明：
The news that he resigned from office surprised us.
The idea that he holds is very common nowadays on campus.
2. that引导状语从句
①引导目的状语从句。
Bring it nearer that I may see it better.
②引导结果状语从句。
What have I done that he should be so angry with me?
③引导原因状语从句。
I am afraid that I will fail in the driving test.
④引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。
Difficult that/as the task was, they managed to accomplish it on time.
⑤引导条件状语从句。意为“假使、假设”。
Supposing that you were in my position, what would you do?
On condition that you were lost in the desert, you should ask for help as soon as possible.

追问

就是它们关于代词的用法

追答

that 指前文出现过的
one表示那一类的东西
it做形式主语
“that”指远物，“it”没有远近之分如：That is a bike. 那是一辆自行车。（在远处）
one指代上文提到过的同类事物中的一个，但不是上文提到的那一个事物。如果指同类事物中的一些，要用ones。如：
This apple is small. Please give me a big one.
这个苹果小，请给我一个大的。
These books are mine. Those ones are Lily's.
这些书是我的，那些书是莉莉的。
it指代前文中提到过的那一个事物。如：
My bike is very old,but I like it very much.
我的自行车很旧，但我很喜欢它。
Where is my new pen? I can't find it.
我的新钢笔在哪儿？我找不到它了。