ããå¨ç»æµå¦ä¸ï¼å¼¹æ§æ¦å¿µæ¯ç±
é¿å°å¼è±å¾·Â·é©¬æå°æåºçï¼æ¯æä¸ä¸ªåéç¸å¯¹äºå¦ä¸ä¸ªåéåççä¸å®æ¯ä¾çæ¹åçå±æ§ã
ããå¼¹æ§çæ¦å¿µå¯ä»¥åºç¨å¨ææå
·æ
å æå
³ç³»çåéä¹é´ãä½ä¸ºåå çåéé常称ä½
å åéï¼åå
¶ä½ç¨åçæ¹åçé称ä½ä»åéã
ãã常è§çç»æµå¦å¼¹æ§æï¼
ãã1ãéæ±çä»·æ ¼å¼¹æ§
ããéæ±çä»·æ ¼å¼¹æ§ï¼Price elasticity of demandï¼ï¼å¨ç»æµå¦ä¸ä¸è¬ç¨æ¥è¡¡ééæ±çæ°ééååçä»·æ ¼çåå¨èåå¨çæ
åµã
ãã2ãä¾ç»çä»·æ ¼å¼¹æ§
ããä¾ç»çä»·æ ¼å¼¹æ§ï¼Price Elasticity of Supplyï¼ææ¶åä¹è¢«ç®ç§°ä¸º
ä¾ç»å¼¹æ§ãå®è¡¨ç¤ºä»·æ ¼åå¨1%å¼èµ·ä¾ç»éåå¨çç¨åº¦ãä¾ç»ä»·æ ¼
å¼¹æ§ç³»æ°åéæ±çä»·æ ¼å¼¹æ§ä¸æ ·ï¼ä¹æ¯ç±ä¾ç»éåå¨çç¾åæ¯ä¸ä»·æ ¼åå¨çç¾åæ¯çæ¯å¼ç¡®å®ã
ããæ ¹æ®ç»æµå¦ä¸çä¾ç»å®çï¼ä¾ç»éä¸ä»·æ ¼æ¯åæ¹ååå¨çï¼å³è¯¥ååçä»·æ ¼åå¨çè¶å¤§ï¼ä¼ä¸çç产就ä¼éä¹ååã
ãã3ãéæ±çæ¶å
¥å¼¹æ§
ããéæ±çæ¶å
¥å¼¹æ§ï¼Income elasticity of demandï¼æ¯æè¡¡éä¸ç§ç©åçéæ±é对æ¶è´¹è
æ¶å
¥åå¨çååºç¨åº¦ï¼å³æ¶è´¹è
æ¶å
¥åå¨1%çéæ±éçåå¨ç¾åæ¯ã
ãã4ãéæ±ç交åå¼¹æ§
ããéæ±ç交åå¼¹æ§(Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand)æ¯ææç§å
¶ä»ç©åçä»·æ ¼æ¯åå1%ï¼ä¼ä½¿è¯¥ç©åçéæ±éååç¾åä¹å ï¼ç±è¿ä¸ªæ¦å¿µæ们å¯ä»¥æ¨å¯¼åºæ¿ä»£åãäºè¡¥åè¿ä¸¤ä¸ªç»æµå¦ä¸çéè¦æ¦å¿µã
ããéæ±äº¤åå¼¹æ§åæ äºç¸åºäºå
¶ä»ååä»·æ ¼çåå¨ï¼æ¶è´¹è
对æç§ååéæ±éåå¨çææç¨åº¦ï¼å
¶å¼¹æ§ç³»æ°å®ä¹ä¸ºéæ±éåå¨çç¾åæ¯é¤ä»¥å¦å¤ååä»·æ ¼åå¨çç¾åæ¯ã交åå¼¹æ§ç³»æ°å¯ä»¥å¤§äº0ãçäº0æå°äº0ï¼å®è¡¨æ两ç§ååä¹é´åå«åæ¿ä»£ãä¸ç¸å
³æäºè¡¥å
³ç³»ã