急求。用英语介绍甲骨文

Answer 1

The inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells mainly refers to the Yin Dynasty ruins inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells, is the Chinese Shang Dynasty later period (first 14~ previous 11 centuries) the royal court uses in practicing divination the record to engrave (or writes) on the carapace and the animal bones writing.It was China already in the ancient times writing which discovered the time most early, a system more complete writing.
The inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells was China's one kind of ancient times writing, was considered was the modern Chinese character early form, sometimes also was considered was one of Chinese character calligraphy styles, also was the extant Chinese most ancient one kind of mature writing.The inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells calls deed, the carapace article or the carapace animal bones article.The Shan Dynasty person after the carapace, the animal bones divine the matter which the divine time, soothsayer's name, practices divination engraves with the knife in divination trillion side, some has also fulfilled certain in the future good and bad fortune also engraves.But the concrete situation has the difference by stages in brief because of the animal bones and tortoise shells, roughly engraves the refined language by Wu Ding Qi to be most complete, simultaneously also is extant quantity most times.The scholar called this kind of record is oracle inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty, this kind of language is an inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells.The Yin Dynasty ruins inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells is the Yin dynasty divine record, is the present known China earliest mature writing.Is called China early ancient times “the records depository”.At present discovered has about 150,000 piece of animal bones and tortoise shells, more than 4500 individual characters.These inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells record thecontent is extremely rich, involves to Shang Dynasty social life manyaspects, not only including content and so on politics, military,culture, social custom, moreover involves science and technology andso on the astronomy, calendar, medicine. Has distinguishedapproximately 1,500 individual characters from the inscription onanimal bones and tortoise shells to look that, it has had "has beenpictographic, the associative compound, the pictophonetic characters,self-explanatory, the mutually explanatory Chinese characters,borrows" makes the character method, has unfolded the Chinese writingunique charm. The Chinese Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty early time (approximately B.C.E. 16~ previous 10 centuries) take the carapace, the animal bones as the carrier literature.Is the known Chinese literature earliest shape.Engraved on the armor, the bone writing previously once is called deed, the armor bone sculpture refined language, the oracle inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty, the turtle version article, the Yin Dynasty ruins writing and so on, presently is generally called the inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells.Because business week king blindly believed in, everything all needs to use the carapace (take cow shoulder blade as common) carries on the divine (take turtle abdomen armor as common) or the animal bones, then the divine related matter (for example divine time, soothsayer, occupies asked content, regards a trillion result, confirmation situation and so on) engraves on the animal bones and tortoise shells, and preserves as the dossier by the royal court official historian (sees animal bones and tortoise shells file).Besides practices divination to engrave the refined language, in the animal bones and tortoise shells literature also has the minority record to engrave the refined language.The animal bones and tortoise shells literature content involved at that time the astronomy, the calendar, the meteorology, the geography, Fang Guo, the lineage, the family, the character, the official, goes on a punitive expedition against, the punishment prison, the agriculture, raising livestock, hunts, the transportation, the religion, the sacrificial offering, disease, the birth, the disaster and so on, was studies China ancient times is specially the Shang Dynasty society history, cultural, the language and writing extremely precious first material.