第1个回答 推荐于2016-11-24
1.忠实原则,即信息对等而不是语意对等
Eg.每年的两届交易会,把全国几乎所有的外贸公司和出口商品集中起来,统一到广州展出,成交,减少了我们到国外推销的支出,外商也可以只派少数人到会选购,不必花大人力到我各口岸寻找生意,节省了买卖双方的费用,深受国外经营各种商品的中小客商的欢迎.
The biannual Guangzhou Fair is attended by almost all foreign trade companies in China and presents a great number of export commodities to buyers from abroad. Many transactions are concluded at the fair. As sellers and buyers can all gather in one place to conduct trade talks, the fair apparently saves them a great deal of time and money. This explains why the Guangzhou Fair has long been popular among overseas traders.
2. 准确原则---选词准确,概念表达准确,数码单位准确. 如: 保税区≠Free trade zone
保税仓库≠Tarriff-free warehouse
Eg.客商从开发区企业分得的利润汇出境外时,免征所得税.
Profits gained by the investors and businessmen from the Development Zone terprises will be exempted from tax when remitted out of China.
Eg.如贵方能将尿素报价降至每吨1200美元,我们可以订购150至180吨.
If you can reduce your price of Urea to 1,200 dollars per ton, we may consider placing an order of 150-180 tons.
3.统一原则
译名,概念,术语应始终保持统一,不能随意改变译名. 如:基本建设≠basic construction
基本价格≠basic price
4.文化融入
A.注意文化因素---了解中西方文化差异
1) 思维方式的不同
中国文化重权威与历史,西方重现实与事实---偏实用.
中国文化重整体,西方偏分析性思维
2) 语言的不同
中国语言重修饰,偏笼统与含糊,西方语言重具体和准确.
谦辞在许多场合被采用,体现了中国文化背景下语用特征之一.
Eg. 人们根据瀑布的声和形,予它诗一样的名字,诸如九龙潭,人字瀑,百丈瀑,鸣弦泉,三叠泉、铁线泉、钵盂泉等等。 (《黄山》,北京,中国旅游出版社)
Poetic names are given to these waterfalls according to their sounds and shapes, such as Nine-Dragon Waterfall, 人-shaped Waterfall, Hundred-Zhang Waterfall, Singing String Spring, Three –section Waterfall, Iron-line Spring, Alms Bowl Spring.
B.灵活采用归化
Eg.它既保持了酱香浓郁、典雅细致、协调丰满、回味悠长等贵州茅台酒的独特风格. It possesses unique style and flavor and is extremely enjoyable liquor.
Eg.由于时间仓促,作者水平有限,书中疏漏在所难免,欢迎广大读者批评指正. Any advice and criticism is warmly welcome about this book
C. 以目标语的行文规则来衡量---得体性
5.文体与翻译:不同的翻译文体采取不同的翻译风格. 如广告与合同的翻译风格就不同.请看如下2个译例:
1) 我厂生产的地毯图案新颖、色调雅致、美丽大方、富丽堂皇.
The carpets made in our factory are well-known for their novel design, elegant colors, beautiful looks and magnificence.
2)如果一方未行事或延迟使其在本合同项下的某项权利,不构成该方对此项权利的放弃,如果该方已经行使或者部分行使某项权利,并不防碍其在将来再次行使此项权利.
Either Party’s failure to exercise or delay in exercising any right, power or priviledge under this contract shall not operate as a waiver thereof, and any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege shall not preclude the exercise of any other right, power or privilege .