Certainly, we are not difficult to see that although Dickens's this article hatred is intense, down to although he in this book to ugly and the unreasonable capitalism law, the legal system the entire political life's attack is brave and powerful, but because in his world outlook is containing the very big contradiction, therefore also maintains regarding the bourgeoisie was fantasizing, is holding the reformism thought to the capitalist system. He denied the bourgeoisie law then, actually placed hopes in one kind of impractical moral education. In his opinion, that of law (and all accessories) indeed are the insignificance, is not only insufficient to punish warns and transforms “the unprincipled person”, instead will harm (lawsuit namely its example which “the good person” for example Mr. Kerwick will encounter), in fact only will be the tool which other worse “the unprincipled person” (e.g. class of a grandson and the Fogg) will use to do evil. But, he thinks the basic question because in the society has “the unprincipled person” the existence, therefore the law is also used continually by them does the misdemeanor. Then, how to manage? Outlet what in? His answer is: Says your instructionsNurturing. Therefore, he when finished entire book lets Mr. Kerwick influence golden Ghale with the good conduct, and rescued him the jail (in his opinion jail is in itself evil), but also has arranged the work and the outlet for him. But golden Ghale also thoroughly rectifies misdeeds, learned sincerely, has realized author's ideal. This is Dickens's petty bourgeoisie humanitarianism thought and the social class compromise-ism thought performance, is also his basic weakness is. at the same time, in Dickens thought's weakness in the artistic performance is also very obvious. He always in this article creation some his mind's ideal character manifests his abundant this article, the equality, good, honest and so on abstract idea, with the aim of achieving “the moral education which” he believes in goal. But nearly without a single exception, such is defeated diligently. This book's Mr. Kerwick, is originally one describes the very much successful villain, but as a result of the author world outlook's contradiction, he wrote gradually him a positive character, takes on ideally “
匹克威克外传》是狄更斯的第一部长篇小说,也是他的杰出代表作之一。这部作品反映了极其广阔的生活画面,真实地描写了十九世纪初的英国社会,故事写的是一位独身的老绅士匹克威克先生,是一个“名流”,也是一个“学者”,又是以他的姓氏命名的一个社团“匹克威克社”的创办者。他带着几个“匹克威克派”出去游历。一路碰到了种种滑稽的可笑的人和事,经过大约两年,他的追随者和他自己都觉得游历够了,“匹克威克社”也宣告解散了,匹克威克先生实行了“退隐”,故事也就此结束了。全部的情节是随着匹克威克等人的旅行见闻和遭遇而展开的,所以结构比较散漫,但因此也就能更多地给读者以新鲜和灵活的感觉。作者还特地为整个故事安排了一条以匹克威克先生与流氓金格尔先生的矛盾冲突为内容的主线,从头贯串到尾。在全书的最后还按“有头有尾”的精神,把书中主要人物的下场,-一作了交代。但是这部作品终究不是以悲欢离合、曲折复杂的故事取胜的那一类。使人们激动、使人们历久不忘的,是那些多种多样的典型人物,那些简明生动的生活景象,它们给人以极丰富的启发。 从表面上看,以金格尔的改邪归正为象征,这部作品的主题思想是一个抽象的老公式:“善良终于战胜邪恶”,而这也是适用于狄更斯的许多作品的共同公式。但在实际上,作者的思想感情以及作品的内容,却绝非如此干枯和庸俗,而是极其丰富和动人的。读《匹克威克外传》,人们随处都会被那些巧妙、生动而深刻的讽刺描写所吸引。这些奇妙的讽刺艺术,正是作者的思想感情的自然流露。锋芒所向,正是资本主义制度下的当权人物。作者怀着深恶痛绝的心情,从各个方面刻画了当时英国上流社会的种种人物,如贵族、地主、资本家、政客、军人、太太、小姐、主管、牧师等等,真实地暴露了他们丑恶的灵魂和丑恶的生活。人们看到那一幅又一幅丑态百出的肖象画和风俗画,无论如何也止不住憎恨和厌恶。但是,在一切讽刺对象之中,作者特别着重地、反复地加以抨击的则是资本主义的法律、司法制度、监狱等上层建筑、以及资产阶级的法官、律师、官吏等等。关于这些方面的描写,在书中占了大量的篇幅和最重要的位置,这是本书的一个特色。而这也就是作品的真正的主题所在。《匹克威克外传》简直是对资本主义法制的一部最生动的、强有力的控诉书!
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