英国饮食文化 英文版

如题所述

In 1066, William, duke of Normandy of France, succeeded to the English throne.

(公元1066年,法国的诺曼底公爵威廉继承了英国王位。)

Brought the brilliant French and Italian food culture, laying the foundation for the traditional English cuisine.

(带来了灿烂的法国和意大利的饮食文化,为传统的英国菜打下基础。)

However, limited by geographical and natural conditions, Britain's agriculture is not very developed, food imports every year.

(但是受地理及自然条件所限,英国的农业不是很发达,粮食每年都要进口。)

And British people are not as gastronomic as the French, so British food is relatively simple.

(而且英国人也不像法国人那样崇尚美食,因此英国菜相对来说比较简单。)

The British also mock themselves for not being good at cooking.

(英国人也常自嘲自己不精于烹调。)

But the English breakfast is more rich, English afternoon tea is particularly rich and delicate.

(但英式早餐却比较丰富,英式下午茶也是格外的丰盛和精致。)

In Britain, the Christmas meal is very important. It often lasts for eight to nine hours, and the trumpets are blown for each course.

(英国对圣诞餐非常重视,常常要延续8~9个小时,每上一道菜都要吹号。)

At the earliest time, the English were very particular about eating roast peacocks, and later they changed to roast geese.

(最早的时候英国人很讲究吃烤孔雀,后来改吃烤鹅。)

It wasn't eaten until after the 16th century, and it continues to this day.

(一直到16世纪后才吃烤火鸡的,然后一直延续至今。)

British food is relatively simple, but the British food breakfast is very big, known as the "big breakfast".

(英式菜相对来说比较简单,但英式菜早餐却很丰盛,素有“big breakfast”即丰盛早餐的美称。)



扩展资料

英式早餐非常丰盛,一般有各种蛋品、麦片粥、咸肉、火腿、香肠、黄油、果酱、面包、牛奶、果汁、咖啡等。受到西方各国的普遍欢迎。

英式早餐首先用橙汁加上玉米片,浇上牛奶和砂糖饮用。然后是主菜,一般是咸肉、香肠和煎鸡蛋配以煎蘑菇或西红柿(煎西红柿相当好吃)。当然还有烤面包。最后是咖啡或红茶,也有英国传统的奶茶。这便是英式早餐了。

英式菜代表菜肴:煎鸡蛋、土豆烩羊肉、烤鹅填栗子馅、牛尾浓汤等。

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第1个回答  2012-12-02
L'histoire de la Grande-Bretagne a joué un grand rôle dans ses traditions, sa culture - et c'est la nourriture. Les Romains, par exemple, nous a apporté les cerises, les orties (pour être utilisé comme une salade de légumes), les choux et pois, ainsi que l'amélioration de la culture de plantes telles que le maïs. Et ils nous ont apporté du vin! Les Romains étaient des constructeurs de routes prolifiques, ces routes permettant pour la première fois le transport facile des produits dans tout le pays. Les Saxons étaient d'excellents agriculteurs et cultivé une grande variété d'herbes. Ceux-ci n'ont pas été utilisés simplement pour le goût qu'elles le sont aujourd'hui, mais ont été utilisés comme essentiel pour étoffer les ragoûts. Les Vikings et les Danois nous ont apporté les techniques de fumage et de séchage du poisson - même aujourd'hui les côtes Nord-Est de l'Angleterre et l'Ecosse sont les endroits pour trouver des les meilleurs harengs - Arbroath Smokies, par exemple. "Escalopes" est un vieux mot scandinave morceaux ou en tranches de viande et un plat de escalopes est traditionnellement servi sur la Burns Night (25 Janvier) en Ecosse. York Ham est un grand favori avec la ménagère britannique. Le premier Ham York est dit avoir été fumé à la sciure de bois de chênes utilisés dans la construction de la cathédrale d'York. Les Normands ont envahi non seulement notre pays, mais aussi nos habitudes alimentaires! Ils ont encouragé la consommation de vin et nous a même donné des mots pour les aliments courants - mouton (mouton) et le bœuf (bœuf), par exemple. Au 12ème siècle, les Croisés furent les premiers Bretons et des oranges et des citrons goût tandis que dans Jaffa en 1191-2. Bretagne a toujours été une grande nation commerçante. Safran a d'abord été introduit dans Cornwall par les Phéniciens à une date très tôt quand ils sont arrivés en Grande-Bretagne au commerce de l'étain. Dérivée des stigmates séchés et en poudre de la crocus de safran, le safran est encore utilisé aujourd'hui dans la cuisine britannique. L'importation des aliments et des épices provenant de l'étranger a considérablement influencé le régime britannique. Au Moyen Age, les gens riches ont pu cuisiner avec des épices et de fruits secs venant d'aussi loin que l'Asie. Il a été dit cependant que les pauvres ont eu la chance de manger à tous! Au temps des Tudor, de nouveaux types de nourriture ont commencé à arriver en raison de l'accroissement des échanges et la découverte de nouvelles terres. Épices d'Extrême-Orient, le sucre en provenance des Caraïbes, du café et du cacao d'Amérique du Sud et le thé de l'Inde. Pommes de terre de l'Amérique a commencé à être cultivée. Gâteaux Eccles évolué de quelques jours puritains de gâteaux et de biscuits riches ont été interdites. Dindes ont été élevés presque exclusivement dans le Norfolk jusqu'au 20ème siècle. Au 17ème siècle, les dindes ont été chassés de Norfolk pour les marchés de Londres en grands troupeaux de 500 oiseaux ou plus. Leurs pieds étaient parfois bandés pour les protéger. À son arrivée à Londres, ils ont dû être engraissés pendant plusieurs jours avant le marché. La croissance de l'Empire apporté de nouveaux goûts et de saveurs - Kedgeree, par exemple, est une version du plat indien Khichri et a été ramené en Grande-Bretagne par les membres de la Compagnie des Indes orientales. Il a été un plat traditionnel à la table du petit déjeuner britannique depuis les 18e et 19e siècles. Aujourd'hui, vous pourrez déguster une cuisine de tous les coins du monde - chinois, indien, italien, français, américain, espagnol, thaï, etc, ce qui reflète la diversité ethnique de Grande-Bretagne aujourd'hui, ainsi que la facilité de déplacement moderne. Certains affirment même «Curry» pour être un plat traditionnel britannique - même si elle ne ressemble guère aux currys que l'on trouve en Inde! Alors, quelle est la cuisine britannique? Rôti de boeuf et Yorkshire Pudding, steak et rein Pie, Bagatelle - ce sont les plats que tout le monde associe la Grande-Bretagne. Mais comme le pays de la Grande-Bretagne qui est en constante évolution, est donc la nourriture britannique, et alors qu'aujourd'hui ces plats sont «traditionnellement britannique, à l'avenir, peut-être des plats tels que le curry britannique se joindre à eux!
第2个回答  推荐于2018-04-09
The history of Britain has played a large part in it's traditions, it's culture - and it's food. The Romans for instance brought us cherries, stinging nettles ( to be used as a salad vegetable), cabbages and peas, as well as improving the cultivation of crops such as corn. And they brought us wine! The Romans were prolific road builders, these roads allowing for the first time the easy transportation of produce throughout the country.

The Saxons were excellent farmers and cultivated a wide variety of herbs. These were not used just for flavour as they are today but were used as bulk to pad out stews.

The Vikings and Danes brought us the techniques for smoking and drying fish - even today the North East coasts of England and Scotland are the places to find the best kippers - Arbroath Smokies, for example. "Collops" is an old Scandinavian word for pieces or slices of meat, and a dish of Collops is traditionally served on Burns Night (25th January) in Scotland. York Ham is a great favourite with the British housewife. The first York Ham is said to have been smoked with the sawdust of oak trees used in the building of York Minster.

The Normans invaded not only our country but also our eating habits! They encouraged the drinking of wine and even gave us words for common foods - mutton (mouton) and beef (boeuf) for example. In the 12th century the Crusaders were the first Britons to taste oranges and lemons whilst in Jaffa in 1191-2.

Britain has always been a great trading nation. Saffron was first introduced into Cornwall by the Phoenicians at a very early date when they first came to Britain to trade for tin. Derived from the dried and powdered stigmas of the saffron crocus, saffron is still used today in British cooking. The importation of foods and spices from abroad has greatly influenced the British diet. In the Middle Ages, wealthy people were able to cook with spices and dried fruits from as far away as Asia. It has been said however that the poor people were lucky to eat at all!

In Tudor times, new kinds of food started to arrive due to the increase in trade and the discovery of new lands. Spices from the Far East, sugar from the Caribbean, coffee and cocoa from South America and tea from India. Potatoes from America began to be widely grown. Eccles Cakes evolved from Puritan days when rich cakes and biscuits were banned.

Turkeys were bred almost exclusively in Norfolk up until the 20th century. In the 17th century, turkeys were driven from Norfolk to the London markets in great flocks of 500 birds or more. Their feet were sometimes bandaged to protect them. Upon arrival in London, they had to be fattened up for several days before market.

The growth of the Empire brought new tastes and flavours - Kedgeree, for example, is a version of the Indian dish Khichri and was first brought back to Britain by members of the East India Company. It has been a traditional dish at the British breakfast table since the 18th and 19th centuries.

Nowadays you can sample cuisines from all around the world - chinese, indian, italian, french, american, spanish, thai, etc., reflecting the ethnic diversity of Britain today as well as the modern ease of travel. Some would even claim 'Curry' to be a traditional British dish - although it bears little resemblance to the curries to be found in India!

So what is British cuisine? Roast Beef and Yorkshire Pudding, Steak and Kidney Pie, Trifle - these are the dishes that everyone associates with Britain. But like the country of Britain which is constantly changing and evolving, so is British food, and whilst today these dishes are 'traditionally British', in the future perhaps dishes such as the British Curry will join them!

参考资料:http://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/food.htm

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第3个回答  2010-12-11
English style of eating habits is also easy, pay attention to nutrition. Breakfast is usually porridge milk or a cup of red juice, coated with butter toast, fried bacon or sausage, eggs. At noon, the children eat lunch at school, adults at lunch on the job on the vicinity to buy a sandwich, a cup of coffee on, just kill. Only to the weekend, the British people will be rich on a table. Usually the main course is meat, such as grilled chicken, roast beef, fish and so on. A wide variety of vegetables, like cabbage, fresh peas, potatoes, carrots and so on. Vegetables in general are no longer processed, mounted on a tray, poured from the supermarket to buy ready-made sauce will be consumed. After the main course there will always be together digestible of sweets, such as cooking fruit, fruit pudding, cheese, ice cream and so on.

Fried fish and fries (Fish and chips)
This is the traditional British fast food nation (fast
food). It is in the 19th century 60's pop up. At that time, the railway put start fresh fish one night directly (direct) transported from the east coast to London. English at the fish paste on top ofgood deep-fried in oil, and fried potatoes be eaten together. People put a mixture of salt and vinegar sauce and pour it into the article on fish and potatoes, with a newspaper bag, and then eat from the paper in hand. Today, people often use a clean paper packaging, and to provide a fork (fork).

Cha (Tea)
British National enjoy a cup of tea. At the traditional British (tradition) on people with porcelain tea cup, one person a cup, a spoonful of tea. The majority of British people like to drink strong tea, but I want to add much milk. Many years ago, people used to put milk into the cup, then add the tea, and finally add water.

Coffee (Coffee)
Now in the United Kingdom, as popularity of coffee and tea. People either do not add milk or add milk, or drink coffee or preparing a new instant coffee.
Wine (Wine)
English wine industry is very strong. More and more of the many vineyards are producing wine and red wine (red
wine). English pubs everywhere, has several flavors, each with 10,000 large and small pubs, which have many hundreds of years of history, this old pub is usually haunted legends, it is interesting that not only did not care about the owner, but also his house ghost Li Chuan-story as the general put on a table in each. Something fishy about the pub business better and sell more expensive.
Eating habits with knife and fork pyronaridine ~

British people generally preferred way of cooking there is: cooked in soy and vinegar, barbecue, fried and fried. Of meat, seafood, game cooking methods are unique; However, the categories of the beef they have special preferences, such as barbecue beef (ROASTED BEEF), is attached not only in the consumption of seasonal vegetables, baked potato, but also will add some steak on the mustard sauce; at the use of seasoning on the butter and liquor preferences; at spice up the taste of meat Kou, cinnamon and other spices fresh.
The more well-known British cuisine has: beef kidney allocation (STEAK KIDNEY PIE), fish Pai (ENGLISH FISH CHIP), the Royal butter chicken (CHICKEN A LA KING) and so on. British people enjoy hunting, only once a year at the hunting period, there is much of the hotel or restaurant will be introduced to game meal, such as deer (VENISON), rabbits (HARE), pheasant (PHEASANT),, such as cooking. General cooking game when using some gin or berries and wine, this approach is in order to remove the smell of mutton flavor of the food itself.
Breakfast is very important to the British people, British restaurants in the supply of a wide range of meals, have fruit juice, fruit, eggs, meat, wheat porridge category, bread, jam and coffee. Nowadays the popular afternoon tea (HIGH TEA) is the mass from the United Kingdom, and its more famous there is Victoria-style VICTORIAN STYLE), the contents can be said to be all-inclusive, including all kinds of small points, muffin, fruit tarts (TARTE ) and sandwiches. Supper on the daily lives of English is also one of the most important part of the meal of their choice is usually late, and are eating betterto promote friendship between meals can imagine they belong to are very autonomous nation, and a supper for them could take hours.
The United Kingdom at the local, there will be lot of people who love to drink, mainly because it itself is also a wine producing country. English at the cost of alcohol consumption on the expenditure than the other also to the many.
Nobu Restaurant
This is a world-renowned Japanese-style sushi restaurant, perfect interpretation of the cultural diversity of London. Enjoy the best way is to let the staff recommend, another is called a reversal of the world's black cod, point of confusing the champagne glass. Of course, the best have someone else foot the bill! Remember the location you want in advance, otherwise.
St. John's Restaurant
Very authentic British restaurant, under the name of the solemn nostalgia,thick sauce, verytraditional British dishes. Pig here are LOGO, shows a simple kick! Have to roast whole pigs, Yorktraditional rural English dishes. Confections are a weight of more down 2,3个. Good to eat! Ensure that you spot, the United Kingdom must go FREE to try!
Hakkasan Restaurant
An average consumption of 60 pounds in London's top restaurants. Is not a false faceskill, newspapers comment on is "the history of the sexiest Chinese restaurant", are impartial appraisal. Hot and sour soup, pipa duck, pork Doo British sparkling wine, Greece white Portuguese. It seems that Chinese and Western, at tip of tongue on an.

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