罗宾汉姓什么？原名叫什么？最好有英文拼写

Question

罗宾汉的英文写法是Robin Hood,但是在他落草为寇之前的全名是什么，我知道他原名的名是Robin,但姓不知道，个位大虾请多指教，最好中文，英文写法都有

Answer 1

在英国的传说中，罗宾汉的名字是极为响亮的。关于他的故事并非史实，不过英雄通常都是夸张或者虚构出来的。我了解罗宾汉的故事还是从小时候看的小人书里，印象已经很模糊。他的传奇有很多种说法，大致是说在12～13世纪著名的十字军东征的时候，英格兰的理查王被俘，留在国内的约翰王子趁机篡权，拒绝赎回理查王。而与他狼狈为奸的诺丁汉郡长也趁机强占了忠心于理查王的罗宾汉家的领地，更试图染指他的心上人玛丽安。罗宾汉被迫躲进舍伍德森林，以此为基地，领导一支农民起义军到处劫富济贫，最终成功赎回理查王，粉碎了约翰王子等人的阴谋。罗宾汉最突出的就是射箭术高超。据介绍，现在射箭比赛里就有“罗宾汉”这一术语，指射中另一支已中靶心的箭。
也有说是大约公元1190年，英国狮心王理查率领英国军队参加十字军东征，罗宾汉也随军前行。可是当战争结束，罗宾汉从战场返回家乡的时候，发现自己的庄园和财产已经被诺丁汉郡治安官以莫须有的罪名没收。此时，英国正在被借着狮心王东征而趁机弄权的约翰王子所统治，他的横征暴敛让人民苦不堪言。为此，罗宾汉聚集了一帮绿林好汉，凭借着自己的机智和勇敢，带领大家劫富济贫，对抗昏君的暴政。
罗宾汉这位传奇英雄不仅在英国，而且在西方很多国家都广为人知，是西方人家喻户晓的传奇英雄，他的故事也经常出现在电影和电视屏幕上。记得有一首英文歌曲就是加拿大歌手布莱恩·亚当斯演唱的《一切为了你》（EverythingIDo，IDoItForYou）。这首歌是著名影星凯文·科斯特纳主演的电影《侠盗罗宾汉》的主题曲。当时，电影拍摄得精彩，歌曲演唱得感人，给我留下非常深刻的印象。
罗宾汉的故事就发生在英国诺丁汉市。诺丁汉是一座拥有着传奇色彩的古老城市。诺丁汉也是英国历史最悠久的城市之一，公元6世纪，盎格鲁撒克逊人定居在此，9世纪又受到外族的入侵，11世纪为诺曼人所统治。大约700年前，在诺丁汉以北广阔的舍伍德森林中，有一伙以罗宾汉为首的劫富济贫的绿林好汉，揭竿而起，反抗诺曼人的压迫。诺丁汉好像所有景点都是围绕着罗宾汉这个传奇人物开设的。这里是罗宾汉的山丘啦，那里是罗宾汉的泉水、洞穴啦，罗宾汉的箭曾射中这里啦，等等。最令人信服的说法是罗宾汉生于12世纪60年代，其活动主要集中在理查德一世(1189～1199年在位)至约翰王(1199～1216年在位)期间。当时，有多许触犯了严厉法律的逃犯匿藏在森林中。可以想象，在那里拉起一支勇敢忠义的队伍是不难的。据说罗宾汉死于1247年11月18日。就在弥留之际他还射出一支箭，人们便在箭所射中的地方埋葬了这位好汉。
说到罗宾汉，就必须说说充满传说的森林，舍伍德森林（SherwoodForest），这片森林过去一度占地很广，今天却被开辟出来，城镇和村庄分布其间。由诺丁汉市向北30公里，有一个埃德温斯托村，村边是舍伍德森林中心，在此可欣赏到中世纪森林的耗貌。中心内还设有展馆，专门解说罗宾汉的故事。中心附近有一棵巨大的橡树，传说中它也扮演了一个角色。据说，罗宾汉与他的伙伴们便是在此树下邂逅的。是真是假，树旁的解说牌上自有答案。原来，此橡树的寿命超过800年，重达32吨。由中心到这棵像树大约2公里，是由一条步行道连接的。不过，无风不起浪。走在林中，心中会不时涌出过去的那些浪漫故事。除了森林，还有历史、传说与艺术的世界，诺丁汉城堡（NottinghamCastle），1068年，威廉王下令在此地修筑城堡。据说在挖掘护志河时遇到了砂岩岩层，工程十分艰巨。到了13世纪初叶，约翰王拟定了重建城堡的计划。工程的总指挥便是诺丁汉郡长菲利普·马克。据说他是一个残酷的统治者，因而成为罗宾汉的仇敌。当时，这座城堡也就成了政治、财政、军队的中心。17世纪后，卡斯尔伯爵买下了城堡，并在岩石山上建起了公馆。1875年，这里再次得以修缮，并作为当地最大的博物馆对外开放，直至今日。由满目青翠的花园登上城堡，便来到卡斯尔博物馆。这里展品丰富多样，非常有趣。此外，城堡大门建于1255年，本世纪又加以修葺，内部成为罗宾汉展室。
罗宾汉的故事就像中国的水浒故事一样，广为流传。

Answer 2

Robin Hood is the archetypal English folk hero; a courteous, pious and swashbuckling outlaw of the medieval era who, in modern versions of the legend, is famous for robbing the rich to feed the poor and fighting against injustice and tyranny. He operates with his "seven score" (140 strong) group of fellow outlawed yeomen – called his "Merry Men".Robin Hood and his band are usually associated with Sherwood Forest, Nottinghamshire. He has been the subject of numerous movies, books, comics and plays.

In many stories Robin's nemesis is the Sheriff of Nottingham. In the oldest legends, this is merely because a sheriff is an outlaw's natural enemy,but in later versions, the despotic sheriff gravely abuses his position, appropriating land, levying intolerable taxation, and unfairly persecuting the poor. In some tales the antagonist is Prince John, based on John of England, seen as the unjust usurper of his pious brother Richard. In the oldest versions surviving, Robin Hood is a yeoman, but in some versions he is said to have been a nobleman, the earl of Loxley, who was unjustly deprived of his lands.Sometimes he has served in the crusades, returning to England to find his lands pillaged by the dastardly sheriff. In some tales he is the champion of the people, fighting against corrupt officials and the oppressive order that protects them, while in others he is an arrogant and headstrong rebel, who delights in bloodshed, cruelly slaughtering and beheading his victims.

In point of fact, Robin Hood stories are different in every period of their history. Robin himself is continually reshaped and redrawn, made to exemplify whatever values are deemed important by the storyteller at the time. The figure is less a personage and more of an amalgam of the various ideas his "life" has been structured to support.

From 1227 onwards the names 'Robinhood', 'Robehod' or 'Hobbehod' occur in the rolls of several English justices. The majority of these references date from the late thirteenth century: between 1261 and 1300 there are at least eight references to 'Rabunhod' in various regions across England, from Berkshire in the south to York in the north. The term seems to be applied as a form of shorthand to any fugitive or outlaw. Even at this early stage, the name Robin Hood denotes an archetypal criminal. This usage continues throughout the medieval period. In a petition presented to Parliament in 1439, the name is again used to describe an itinerant felon. The petition cites one Piers Venables of Aston, Derbyshire, "who having no liflode, ne sufficeante of goodes, gadered and assembled unto him many misdoers, beynge of his clothynge, and, in manere of insurrection, wente into the wodes in that countrie, like as it hadde be Robyn Hude and his meyne."The name is still used to describe sedition and treachery in 1605, when Guy Fawkes and his associates are branded "Robin Hoods" by Robert Cecil.

The first allusion to a literary tradition of Robin Hood tales occurs in William Langland's Piers Plowman (c.1362–c.1386) in which Sloth, the lazy priest, confesses: "I kan [know] not parfitly [perfectly] my Paternoster as the preest it singeth,/ But I kan rymes of Robyn Hood".

The first mention of a quasi-historical Robin Hood is given in Andrew of Wyntoun's Orygynale Chronicle, written about 1420. The following lines occur with little contextualisation under the year 1283:

Lytil Jhon and Robyne Hude
Wayth-men ware commendyd gude
In Yngil-wode and Barnysdale
Thai oysyd all this tyme thare trawale.
The next notice is a statement in the Scotichronicon, composed by John Fordun between 1377 and 1384, and revised by his pupil Walter Bower in about 1440. Among Bower's many interpolations is a passage which directly refers to Robin. It is inserted after Fordun's account of the defeat of Simon de Montfort and the punishment of his adherents. Robin is in fact turned into a fighter for de Montfort's cause, one of his 'disinherited' followers:

Then [c.1266 ] arose the famous murderer, Robert Hood, as well as Little John, together with their accomplices from among the disinherited, whom the foolish populace are so inordinately fond of celebrating both in tragedies and comedies, and about whom they are delighted to hear the jesters and minstrels sing above all other ballads.
Despite Bower's scorn, and demotion of Robin to a savage 'murderer', his account is followed by a brief tale in which Robin becomes a symbol of piety, gaining a decisive victory after hearing the Mass. Another interesting, although much later, reference is provided by Thomas Gale, Dean of York (c.1635–1702):

[Robin Hood's] death is stated by Ritson to have taken place on the 18th of November, 1247, about the eighty-seventh year of his age; but according to the following inscription found among the papers of the Dean of York…the death occurred a month later. In this inscription, which bears evidence of high antiquity, Robin Hood is described as Earl of Huntington — his claim to which title has been as hotly contested as any disputed peerage upon record.

This inscription also appears on a grave in the grounds of Kirklees Priory near Kirklees Hall (see below). Despite appearances, and the author's assurance of 'high antiquity', there is little reason to give the stone any credence. It certainly cannot date from the 13th century; notwithstanding the implausibility of a 13th century funeral monument being composed in English, the language of the inscription is highly suspect. Its orthography does not correspond to the written forms of Middle English at all: there are no inflected '—e's, the plural accusative pronoun 'hi' is used as a singular nominative, and the singular present indicative verb 'lais' is formed without the Middle English '—th' ending. Overall, the epitaph more closely resembles modern English written in a deliberately 'archaic' style. Furthermore, the reference to Huntingdon is anachronistic: the first recorded mention of the title in the context of Robin Hood occurs in the 1598 play The Downfall of Robert, Earl of Huntington by Anthony Munday. The monument can only be a 17th century forgery.

Therefore, even in the earliest records, Robin is already largely fictional. The Gale note is literally a fiction. The medieval texts do not refer to him directly, but mediate their allusions through a body of accounts and reports: for Langland Robin exists principally in "rimes", for Bower "comedies and tragedies", while for Wyntoun he is "commendyd gude". Even in a legal context, where one would expect to find verifiable references to Robin, he is primarily a symbol, a generalised outlaw-figure rather than an individual. Consequently, in the medieval period itself, Robin Hood already belongs more to literature than to history. In fact, in an anonymous carol of c.1450, he is treated in precisely this manner — as a joke, a figure that the audience will instantly recognise as imaginary: "He that made this songe full good,/ Came of the northe and the sothern blode,/ And somewhat kyne to Robyn Hode".

On the other hand, even though clearly fictitious, Robin does not appear to have stemmed from mythology or folklore. While there are occasional efforts to trace him to fairies (such as Puck under the alias "Robin Goodfellow") or other mythological origins, good evidence for this has not been found, and when Robin Hood has been connected to such folklore, it is a later development. While Robin Hood and his men often show improbable skill in archery, swordplay, and disguise, they are no more exaggerated than those characters in other ballads, such as Kinmont Willie, which were based on historical events. The origin of the legend appears to have stemmed from actual outlaws, or from tales of outlaws, such as Hereward the Wake, Eustace the Monk, and Fulk FitzWarin.

There are many analogues for various Robin Hood tales, featuring both historical and fictitious outlaws. Hereward appears in a ballad much like Robin Hood and the Potter, and as the Hereward ballad is the older, it appears to be the source. The ballad Adam Bell, Clym of the Cloughe and Wyllyam of Cloudeslee runs parallel to Robin Hood and the Monk, but it is not clear whether either one is the source for the other, or whether they merely show that such tales were told of outlaws. Some early Robin Hood stories appear to be unique, such as the story where Robin gives a knight, generally called Richard at the Lee, money to pay off his mortgage to an abbot, but this may merely indicate that no parallels have survived.

Answer 3

关于罗宾汉其人的研究在世界范围内都是一个令人关注的问题，在英国甚至单独设立博士学位以其作为研究课题。

我们所常见到的罗宾汉的英文写法是“Robin Hood”

而按照那个年代的古英文写法应为“Robyn Hode”!!

关于这位绿林好汉的最权威解释，包括他的出生地，历史事件及发生地，历史人物，埋葬地点，情人等等，请参照下面的“英国罗宾汉研究网”!!

参考资料：http://www.robinhood.ltd.uk/robinhood/index.html

Answer 4

罗宾汉是英国民间传说中著名的英雄形象。 相传罗宾汉生活在14到15世纪的英国诺丁汉地区，因为救护自己的恋人——贵族小姐玛丽安而射杀了一名权贵，被宣布为生命、财产不受法律保障的“法外人”。罗宾汉被迫逃到诺丁汉的夏伍德皇家森林，在那里，罗宾汉认识了农奴出身的法外人小的约翰和小约翰的伙伴，他们联合起来，在森林里开辟了法外人的秘密营地。从此，法外人反抗郡守的压迫，惩治从森林中路过的贵族和修道士，帮助其他被...

Answer 5

叫这个名字的有很多诶，不知道你问的是哪一个。
还有，罗宾汉的英文写法确实是Robin Hood。