Three Days to See
Helen Keller
All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours. But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours. I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited.
Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets?
Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of "Eat, drink, and be merry," but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.
In stories the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed. he becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values. It ahs often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.
Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.
The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.
I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would tech him the joys of sound.
Now and them I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently I was visited by a very good friends who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed.. "Nothing in particular, " she replied. I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such reposes, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.
How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough, shaggy bark of a pine. In the spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush thought my open finger. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the page ant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.
At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things. If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight. Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little. the panorama of color and action which fills the world is taken for granted. It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere conveniences rather than as a means of adding fullness to life.
If I were the president of a university I should establish a compulsory course in "How to Use Your Eyes". The professor would try to show his pupils how they could add joy to their lives by really seeing what passes unnoticed before them. He would try to awake their dormant and sluggish faculties.
Perhaps I can best illustrate by imagining what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes, say, for just three days. And while I am imagining, suppose you, too, set your mind to work on the problem of how you would use your own eyes if you had only three more days to see. If with the on-coming darkness of the third night you knew that the sun would never rise for you again, how would you spend those three precious intervening days? What would you most want to let your gaze rest upon?
I, naturally, should want most to see the things which have become dear to me through my years of darkness. You, too, would want to let your eyes rest on the things that have become dear to you so that you could take the memory of them with you into the night that loomed before you.
If, by some miracle, I were granted three seeing days, to be followed by a relapse into darkness, I should divide the period into three parts.
这是前面的部分,后面的,可以参考下面的网址
http://www.cycnet.com/englishcorner/essays/3days.htm 参考资料:
http://www.cycnet.com/englishcorner/essays/3days.htm 回答者: guiliuer - 二级 2009-12-10 16:54
当我睁开眼睛,发现自己竟然什么也看不见,眼前一片黑暗时,我像被噩梦吓倒一样,全身惊恐,悲伤极了,那种感觉让我今生永远难以忘怀。)
1880年6月27日,我出生在美国的南部亚拉巴马州的塔斯甘比亚镇。
父系祖先来自瑞典,移民定居在美国的马里兰州。有件不可思议的事,我们的一位祖先竟然是聋哑教育专家。谁料得到,他竟然会有一个像我这样又盲又聋又哑的后人。每当我想到这里,心里就不禁大大地感慨一番,命运真是无法预知啊!
我的祖先自从在亚拉巴马州的塔斯甘比亚镇买了土地后,整个家族就在这里定居下来。据说,那时候由于地处偏僻,祖父每年都要特地从塔斯甘比亚镇骑马到760英里外的费城,购置家里和农场所需的用品、农具、肥料和种籽等。每次祖父在往赴费城的途中,总会写家书回来报平安,信中对西部沿途的景观,以及旅途中所遭遇的人、事、物都有清楚且生动的描述。直到今天,大家仍很喜欢一而再地翻看祖父留下的书信,就好像是在看一本历险小说,百读不厌。
我的父亲亚瑟·凯勒曾是南北战争时的南军上尉,我的母亲凯蒂·亚当斯是他的第二任妻子,母亲小父亲好几岁。
在我病发失去视觉、听觉以前,我们住的屋子很小,总共只有一间正方形的大房子和一间供仆人住的小房子。那时候,依照南方人的习惯,他们会在自己的家旁再加盖一间屋子,以备急需之用。南北战争之后,父亲也盖了这样一所屋子,他同我母亲结婚之后,住进了这个小屋。小屋被葡萄、爬藤蔷薇和金银花遮盖着,从园子里看去,像是一座用树枝搭成的凉亭。小阳台也藏在黄蔷薇和南方茯苓花的花丛里,成了多彩的蜂鸟和殷勤的蜜蜂的乐园.
祖父和祖母所住的老宅,离我们这个蔷薇凉亭不过几步。由于我们家被茂密的树木、绿藤所包围,所以邻居人都称我们家为“绿色家园”。这是童年时代的天堂。
在我的家庭老师——莎莉文小姐尚未到来之前,我经常独自一人,依着方型的黄杨木树篱,慢慢地走到庭园里,凭着自己的嗅觉,寻找初开的紫罗兰和百合花,深深地吸着那清新的芳香。
有时候我也会在心情不好时,独自到这里来寻求慰藉,我总是把炙热的脸庞藏在凉气沁人的树叶和草丛之中,让烦躁不安的心情冷静下来。
置身于这个绿色花园里,真是心旷神怡。这里有爬在地上的卷须藤和低垂的茉莉,还有一种叫做蝴蝶荷的十分罕见的花。因为它那容易掉落的花瓣很像蝴蝶的翅膀,所以名叫蝴蝶荷,这种花发出一阵阵甜丝丝的气味。但最美丽的还是那些蔷薇花。在北方的花房里,很少能够见到我南方家里的这种爬藤蔷薇。它到处攀爬,一长串一长串地倒挂在阳台上,散发着芳香,丝毫没有尘土之气。每当清晨,它身上朝露未干,摸上去是何等柔软、何等高洁,使人陶醉不已。我不由得时常想,上帝御花园里的曝光兰,也不过如此吧!
我生命的开始是简单而普通的,就像每个家庭迎接第一个孩子时一样,大家都充满喜悦。为了要给第一个孩子命名,大家都绞尽脑汁,你争我吵,每个人都认为自己想出来的名字才是最有意义的。父亲希望以他最尊敬的祖先的名字“米德尔·坎培儿”作我的名字,母亲则想用她母亲的名字“海伦·艾培丽特”来命名。大家再三讨论的结果,是依照母亲的希望,决定用外婆的名字。
先是为了命名争吵不休,之后,为了要带我去教堂受洗,大家又手忙脚乱,以至于兴奋的父亲在前往教会途中,竟把这个名字忘了。当牧师问起“这个婴儿叫什么名字”时,紧张兴奋的父亲一时之间说出了“海伦·亚当斯”这个名字。因此,我的名字就不是沿用外祖母的名字“海伦·艾培丽特”,而变成了“海伦·亚当斯”。
家里的人告诉我说,我在婴儿时期就表现出了不服输的个性,对任何事物都充满了好奇心,个性非常倔强,常常想模仿大人们的一举一动。所以,6个月时已经能够发出“茶!茶!茶!”和“你好!”的声音,吸引了每个人的注意。甚至于“水”这个字,也是我在1岁以前学会的。直到我生病后,虽然忘掉了以前所学的字,但是对于“水”这个字却仍然记得。
家人还告诉我,在我刚满周岁时就会走路了。我母亲把我从浴盆中抱起来,放在膝上,突然间,我发现树的影子在光滑的地板上闪动,就从母亲的膝上溜下来,自己一步一步地、摇摇摆摆地去踩踏那些影子。
春光里百鸟啁啾,歌声盈耳,夏天里到处是果子和蔷薇花,待到草黄叶红已是深秋来临。三个美好的季节匆匆而过,在一个活蹦乱跳、咿呀学语的孩子身上留下了美好的记忆。
然而好景不长,幸福的时光总是结束得太早。一个充满知更鸟和百灵鸟的悦耳歌声且繁花盛开的春天,就在一场高烧的病痛中悄悄消失了。在次年可怕的2月里,我突然生病,高烧不退。医生们诊断的结果,是急性的胃充血以及脑充血,他们宣布无法挽救了。但在一个清晨,我的高烧突然退了,全家人对于这种奇迹的发生,当时惊喜得难以言喻。但是,这一场高烧已经让我失去了视力和听力,我又像婴儿一般蒙昧,而他们,我的家人和医生,却全然不知。
编辑本段第一天
第一天,我要看人,他们的善良、温厚与友谊使我的生活值得一过。首先,我希望长久地凝视我亲爱的老师,安妮·莎莉文·梅西太太的面庞,当我还是个孩子的时候,她就来到了我面前,为我打开了外面的世界。我将不仅要看到她面庞的轮廓,以便我能够将它珍藏在我的记忆中,而且还要研究她的容貌,发现她出自同情心的温柔和耐心的生动迹象,她正是以此来完成教育我的艰巨任务的。我希望从她的眼睛里看到能使她在困难面前站得稳的坚强性格,并且看到她那经常向我流露的、对于全人类的同情。
我不知道什么是透过“灵魂之窗”,即从眼睛看到朋友的内心。我只能用手指尖来“看”一个脸的轮廓。我能够发觉欢笑、悲哀和其他许多明显的情感。我是从感觉朋友的脸来认识他们的。但是,我不能靠触摸来真正描绘他们的个性。当然,通过其他方法,通过他们向我表达的思想,通过他们向我显示出的任何动作,我对他们的个性也有所了解。但是我却不能对他们有较深的理解,而那种理解,我相信,通过看见他们,通过观看他们对种种被表达的思想和境况的反应,通过注意他们的眼神和脸色的反应,是可以获得的。
我身旁的朋友,我了解得很清楚,因为经过长年累月,他们已经将自己的各个方面揭示给了我;然而,对于偶然的朋友,我只有一个不完全的印象。这个印象还是从一次握手中,从我通过手指尖理解他们的嘴唇发出的字句中,或从他们在我手掌的轻轻划写中获得来的。
你们有视觉的人,可以通过观察对方微妙的面部表情,肌肉的颤动,手势的摇摆,迅速领悟对方所表达的意思的实质,这该是多么容易,多么令人心满意足啊!但是,你们可曾想到用你们的视觉,抓住一个人面部的外表特征,来透视一个朋友或者熟人的内心吗?
我还想问你们:能准确地描绘出五位好朋友的面容吗?你们有些人能够,但是很多人不能够。有过一次实验,我询问那些丈夫们,关于他们妻子眼睛的颜色,他们常常显得困窘,供认他们不知道。顺便说一下,妻子们还总是经常抱怨丈夫不注意自己的新服装、新帽子的颜色.以及家内摆设的变化。
有视觉的人,他们的眼睛不久便习惯了周围事物的常规,他们实际上仅仅注意令人惊奇的和壮观的事物。然而,即使他们观看最壮丽的奇观,眼睛都是懒洋洋的。法庭的记录每天都透露出“目击者”看得多么不准确。某一事件会被几个见证人以几种不同的方式“看见”。有的人比别人看得更多,但没有几个人看见他们视线以内一切事物。
啊,如果给我三天光明,我会看见多少东西啊!
第一天,将会是忙碌的一天。我将把我所有亲爱的朋友都叫来,长久地望着他们的脸,把他们内在美的外部迹像铭刻在我的心中。我也将会把目光停留在一个婴儿的脸上,以便能够捕捉到在生活冲突所致的个人意识尚未建立之前的那种渴望的、天真无邪的美。
我还将看看我的小狗们忠实信赖的眼睛——庄重、宁静的小司格梯、达吉,还有健壮而又懂事的大德恩,以及黑尔格,它们的热情、幼稚而顽皮的友谊,使我获得了很大的安慰。
在忙碌的第一天,我还将观察一下我的房间里简单的小东西,我要看看我脚下的小地毯的温暖颜色,墙壁上的画,将房子变成一个家的那些亲切的小玩意。我的目光将会崇敬地落在我读过的盲文书籍上,然而那些能看的人们所读的印刷字体的书籍,会使我更加感兴趣。在我一生漫长的黑夜里,我读过的和人们读给我听的那些书,已经成为了一座辉煌的巨大灯塔,为我指示出了人生及心灵的最深的航道。
在能看见的第一天下午,我将到森林里进行一次远足,让我的眼睛陶醉在自然界的美丽之中,在几小时内,拼命吸取那经常展现在正常视力人面前的光辉灿烂的广阔奇观。自森林郊游返回的途中,我要走在农庄附近的小路上,以便看看在田野耕作的马(也许我只能看到一台拖拉机),看看紧靠着土地过活的悠然自得的人们,我将为光艳动人的落日奇景而祈祷。
当黄昏降临,我将由于凭借人为的光明看见外物而感到喜悦,当大自然宣告黑暗到来时,人类天才地创造了灯光,来延伸他的视力。在第一个有视觉的夜晚,我将睡不着,心中充满对于这一天的回忆。
编辑本段第二天
有视觉的第二天,我要在黎明前起身,去看黑夜变为白昼的动人奇迹。我将怀着敬畏之心,仰望壮丽的曙光全景,与此同时,太阳唤醒了沉睡的大地。
这一天,我将向世界,向过去和现在的世界匆忙瞥一眼。我想看看人类进步的奇观,那变化无穷的万古千年。这么多的年代,怎么能被压缩成一天呢?当然是通过博物馆。我常常参观纽约自然史博物馆,用手摸一摸那里展出的许多展品,但我曾经渴望亲眼看看地球的简史和陈列在那里的地球上的居民——按照自然环境描画的动物和人类,巨大的恐龙和剑齿象的化石,早在人类出现并以他短小的身材和有力的头脑征服动物王国以前,它们就漫游在地球上了;博物馆还逼真地介绍了动物、人类,以及劳动工具的发展经过,人类使用这些工具,在这个行星上为自己创造了安全牢固的家;博物馆还介绍了自然史的其它无数方面。
我不知道,有多少本文的读者看到过那个吸引人的博物馆里所描绘的活着的动物的形形色色的样子。当然,许多人没有这个机会,但是,我相信许多有机会的人却没有利用它。在那里确实是使用你眼睛的好地方。有视觉的你可以在那里度过许多收益不浅的日子,然而我,借助于想像中的能看见的三大,仅能匆匆一瞥而过。
我的下一站将是首都艺术博物馆,因为它正像自然史博物馆显示了世界的物质外观那样,首都艺术博物馆显示了人类精神的无数个小侧面。在整个人类历史阶段,人类对于艺术表现的强烈欲望几乎像对待食物、藏身处,以及生育繁殖一样迫切。
在这里,在首都艺术博物馆巨大的展览厅里,埃及、希腊、罗马的精神在它们的艺术中表现出来,展现在我面前。
我通过手清楚地知道了古代尼罗河国度的诸神和女神。我抚摸了巴台农神庙中的复制品,感到了雅典冲锋战士有韵律的美。阿波罗、维纳斯、以及双翼胜利之神莎莫瑞丝都使我爱不释手。荷马的那副多瘤有须的面容对我来说是极其珍贵的,因为他也懂得什么叫失明。我的手依依不舍地留恋罗马及后期的逼真的大理石雕刻,我的手抚摸遍了米开朗基罗的感人的英勇的摩西石雕像,我感知到罗丹的力量,我敬畏哥特人对于木刻的虔诚。这些能够触摸的艺术品对我来讲,是极有意义的,然而,与其说它们是供人触摸的,毋宁说它们是供人观赏的,而我只能猜测那种我看不见的美。我能欣赏希腊花瓶的简朴的线条,但它的那些图案装饰我却看不到。