定语从句that和which的区别

Answer 1

　　that和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。在定语从句中,有种说法叫"关宾省",意思是关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语可以省略,不管是that，which，还是whom。但是which能引导非限制性定语从句，that则不行。
　　其次，记得以下只能用that的几种情况：
　　1. 当先行词为all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所构成的复合不定代词时。
　　如：We should do all that is useful to the people. 我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。
　　Please tell me anything that you know about the matter. 有关此事，凡是你所知道的请告诉我。
　　2. 当先行词被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等词修饰时。
　　如：You can take any seat that is free. 任何空着的座位你都可以坐。
　　There is little work that is fit for you. 几乎没有适合你的工作。
　　3. 当先行词为序数词或被序数词所修饰时。
　　如：When people talk about the cities of China, the first that comes to my mind is Beijing. 人们谈论起中国的城市的时候，我首先 想到的是北京。
　　This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term. 这是我们校本学期放映的第四部电影。
　　4. 当先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
　　如：The best that I could do was to apologize. 我唯一能做的就是赔礼道歉了。
　　This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的一本最有趣的故事书。
　　5. 当先行词被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等修饰时。
　　如： This is the very book that I’m looking for. 这正是我在找的书。
　　The only thing that we could do was to wait. 我们唯一能做的事就是等待。
　　注意：先行词被the same修饰时，关系代词也可用as。
　　如：I need the same book that / as you have. 我需要有你一样的书。
　　6. 当先行词既包含人又包含物时。
　　如： They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them. 他们正在谈论他们感兴趣的女英雄及她们的事迹。
　　7. 当先行词是疑问代词who，which，what或主句以这些词开头时。
　　如：Who that has ever worked together with him doesn’t admire him? 曾经和他一起工作过的谁不钦佩他？
　　Which is the star that is nearer to the earth？ 哪个是离地球比较近的星星？
　　8. 当先行词为主句表语或关系代词为从句表语时。
　　如：That’s a good book that will help you a lot. 那是本对你很有帮助的书。
　　Our school is no longer the place that it used to be. 我们的学校现在已不是过去的那个样子了。
　　9. 先行词为time时，当time表示次数，引导词用that, 可省略。 当表示时间，可用that或when引导，都可省略。
　　如：I do remember the first time(that) I had ever heard the sweetest voice in the world.我很清楚地记得当我第一次听到世界上最美的声音的时候。
　　I did't remember the exact time （when/that） I arrived in Shanghai last month. 我不记得上个月到达上海的确切时间了。

Answer 2

定语从句中that和which的用法怎么区分

Answer 3

在定语从句中,which 和that 在指代事物时,一般可以互换使用,但并非在任何情况下都是这样,这里介绍宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.
①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等,
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时.
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
⑦如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复.
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复.
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
⑩被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .
1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.
2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时.
1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
②在非限制性定语从句中.
1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .
2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which .
1. Let me show you the novel,that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
2.
At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the
time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished
them.
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
1. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行词是those+复数名词.
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.

Answer 4