限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用; 非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用。在非限制性定语从句中, 先行词与定语从句往往由 逗号 隔开。非限制性定语从句相当于并列分句、状语从句等。
He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)
他有两个儿子, 他们在同一家公司上班。
He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has more than two sons.)
他有两个儿子在同一家公司上班。
He failed in the match, which was a great pity. (非限制性定语从句, 先行词为前面的句子) (=He failed in the match, and it was a great pity.)
他在比赛中失败了, 这真令人遗憾。
题组训练 句型转换
①That is his father, and he works in Shanghai.
That is his father, who works in Shanghai.
②I like the boy, who is very lovely.
I like the boy, because/for he is very lovely.
③ He told me a story yesterday, and I think it is very interesting.
He told me a story yesterday, which I think is very interesting.
(一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法
1. 先行词指人且在定语从句中作主语, 需用who/that 引导, 且不能省略。
She is the girl who/that lives next door.
她就是住在隔壁的女孩。
2. 先行词指物且在定语从句中作主语, 需用 that/which 引导, 且不能省略。
The work that/which has just been finished is very important.
刚刚完成的那份工作很重要。
3. 先行词指物且在定语从句中作宾语, 用 that 或 which 引导, 且可省略 that/which。
That is the book ( that/which ) I want to read.
那就是我想要读的那本书。
4. 先行词指人且在定语从句中作宾语, 用whom/who/that 引导, 且可省略 whom/who/that。
That's the girl ( whom/who/that ) I teach.
那就是我教的女孩。
5. 先行词指人或物且在定语从句中作定语, 用whose 或of whom/of which 引导。
This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.
= This is the scientist, the achievements of whom are well known.
= This is the scientist, of whom the achievements are well known. 这就是那位成就卓著的科学家。
This is the house whose window broke last night.
=This is the house, the window of which broke last night.
=This is the house, of which the window broke last night.
(注意等号后两个定语从句中的定冠词)
这就是昨晚窗户被打破的那所房子。
6. as 引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式:
such+名词 + as...像……一样的, 像……之类的
such(pron.) + as...像……一样的, 像……之类的
the same + 名词 + as...和……同样的
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。(as 作主语)
This book is not such as I expect.
这不是我期望的书。(as 作宾语)
I have the same book as he has.
我和他有同样的书。(as 作宾语)
④The house whose windows face to the north belongs to him.
⑤The man who/whom/that you met just now is my old friend.
⑥ The man who/that is walking in the playground is my old friend.
⑦ Take the book which/that is lying on the table.
⑧ She is such a girl as is always finding fault with other people.
(二)非限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法
1. 关系代词在任何情况下都不能省略。
I want to buy a dictionary, which is valuable to my learning.(which 不能省略)
我想买本字典, 字典对我的学习很有价值。
2. who(主语, 宾语), whom(宾语), which(主语, 宾语)不能用that 代替。
This is New York, which I have visited for several times.(which 不能用that 取代)
这就是纽约, 我来这里有好多次了。
3. which 引导非限制性定语从句时, 先行词可以是一个词, 也可以是个句子。
He was late again , which made the teacher very unhappy.(先行词为一句话)他又迟到了, 这使老师很不高兴。
4. 关系代词as 也可引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为句子, as 在从句中作主语、宾语。
As we know, China is a developing country.
我们知道, 中国是个发展中国家。
As is known to us all, China is in the east of Asia.
众所周知, 中国在亚洲的东部。
(三)关系代词除上面的基本用法外, 还有下列特殊用法:
1. 有时为了使表达的意思更清楚, 用“ which+名词” 引导定语从句。
He advised me to hide behind the door, which advice I took at once. 他建议我躲在门后, 我立即照着做了。
2.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
(1)当介词放在关系代词的前面时, 关系代词常用 which 或 whom, 并且不能省略。
He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
他付给男孩10 美元擦洗10 扇窗户, 这10 扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person, to whom she could turn for help.
在黑暗的街道上, 她没有一个可以求助的人。
(2)在限制性定语从句中, 当介词位于定语从句的末尾时,
可用 that/ which(指物), that/ whom/ who(指人) 作介词的宾语, 而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
This is the hero that we are proud of.
This is the hero who we are proud of.
This is the hero whom we are proud of.
This is the hero (可省略) we are proud of.
这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄。
This is the pen that I wrote the letter with.
This is the pen which I wrote the letter with.
This is the pen (可省略) I wrote the letter with.
这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。
(3)在非限制性定语从句中, “介词 + which/ whom 从句”结构中的介词不能移到从句的后面。
He has visited Gu'an No.One High School for several times, in which he has many friends.(in 不能放在定语从句句末)
他已经去过固安一中几次了, 在那里他有很多朋友。
(4)“复合介词短语 + 关系代词 which”引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开, 定语从句常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tall tree.
他住在一所大房子里, 房子前面有一棵又大又高的树。
(5)“介词+which/ whom+不定式”结构。
The poor man has no house in which to live .
=The poor man has no house (that/which) he can live in .
=The poor man has no house in which he can live .
=The poor man has no house to live in .
那个穷人没房子住。
⑨(2013 辽宁, 34) He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team.
⑩Frank's dream is to have his own garden in which to produce many beautiful flowers.
(四)几组关系词的辨析
1. 关系代词 that 和 which 的区别
(1)限制性定语从句中, 用关系代词 that 不能用 which 的情况:
1) 当先行词是不定代词 all, little, few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none, some 等时。
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?
你有什么要为自己说的吗?
2)当先行词被 the only, the very (恰恰, 正好), any, every, some, no, all, few, little, much, the right, the last, just 等词修饰时。
This is the very bus that I'm waiting for.
这就是我正在等的公交车。
The only thing that we can do is(to)give you some money.
我们唯一能做的事情就是给你一些钱。
3)当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best way that has been used against pollution.
这是已经用过的抗污染的最好的办法。
This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.
这是我曾经看过的最有趣的电影。
4)当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。
This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.
这是去苏州的最后一趟火车。
What is the first American film that you have seen?
你看过的第一部美国电影是什么?
5)当先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗?
6)当主句的主语是疑问词who 或which 时。
Which is the bike that you lost?
哪辆是你丢的自行车?
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
赢得金牌的那个男孩是谁?
7)有两个定语从句时, 其中一个关系代词宜用which, 另外一个宜用that。
They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
他们偷偷地建了一家小工厂, 这家工厂生产可能会造成污染的东西。
8)当先行词在主句中作表语, 而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
上海不再是过去的那座城市了。
9)主句是there be 句型且关系词在从句中作主语时, 用that不用which 引导。
There is a seat in the corner that is still available.
在那个角落还有一个座位可用。
(2)当先行词指事/ 物时, 定语从句中关系代词用which 不用that 的情况:
1)在非限制性定语从句中, 只用which, 不用that。
Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which , of course, made the others envy him.
海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多, 这当然让其他的儿子很嫉妒她的小儿子。
2)当动词短语中的介词提前时, 只用 which, 不用 that。
This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.
这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。
注意: 在一些固定搭配的动词短语中, 由于动词和介词不可分割, 因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。
This is the pen (which/ that) I'm looking for .
这是我正在寻找的那支钢笔。
不可以说: This is the pen for which I'm looking.
3)先行词后面有插入语时, 只用 which, 不用 that。
Here is the English grammar book which, as I've told you , will help you improve your English.
这就是我告诉过你的那本英语语法书, 它能帮你提高英语。
4)先行词本身就是 that 时, 只用 which, 不用 that。
What's that which flashed through the sky just now?
刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么?
[11]I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
[12]Whenever I met her, which was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
[13]All the presents that your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.
[14]This is the very book that I have been looking for.
[15]He was late for the opening ceremony, which was very surprising to me.
2. 关系代词as 和which 的区别
as 和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为整个主句或主句中的一部分内容, 先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语, as 与which 均不可省略, 有时两者可以互换。
He married her, as/which was natural.
他跟她结婚了, 这是很自然的事。
(1)下列情况通常只用 as 而不用 which:
1)当定语从句置于主句前面时, 用 as 不用 which。
As you see, the Chinese people are hard-working.(定语从句在句首)你知道, 中国人民是勤劳的。
注意下面句子的多种表达方法:
众所周知, 月球每月绕地球转一圈。
As is known to everybody , the moon travels round the earth once every month.
The moon travels round the earth once every month, as/which is known to everybody .
It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
(后两句属名词性从句范畴)
[16] What is known to us all is that China has the largest population in the world.
[17] It is known to us all that China has the largest population in the world.
[18] As is known to us all, China has the largest population in the world.
2)先行词作主语且定语从句为被动语态时, 通常用 as 不用 which, 从句谓语通常为: be known, be said, be reported, be announced, be mentioned 等。如果从句是主动语态, 一般用 which 作主语。
She has been absent again, as is expected.
她又缺席了, 这在预料之中。
Tom has made rapid progress, which makes me very happy.
汤姆进步很快, 这使我很高兴。
另外, as 常用在下列习惯用语中: as(it)seems likely, as(it) often happens, as(it) was printed out, as(it) was said earlier, as I remember(it), as I understand(it), as(it) appears, as is often the case, as anybody can see, as we have expected。
Jack has won the first prize, as it often happens.
像往常一样, 杰克得了一等奖。
She has read widely in Romantic Literature, as it appears from her essay.
她广泛涉猎了浪漫主义文学, 这从她的文章中可以看出来。
(2)下列情况通常用 which 而不用 as:
1)关系代词代替前面主句中的宾语从句或定语从句的谓语动词后有复合宾语时。
I don't think that he will come to see me, which makes me sad.
我认为他不会来看我了, 这使我伤心。
2)which 一般用作实义动词的主语, 这时它所引导的从句与主句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时。
Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.
汤姆一次又一次上学迟到, 这使得他的老师很生气。
3)当非限制性定语从句是否定句时。
He pretended not to know me, which I didn't understand.
他假装不认识我, 我真不明白。
4)非限制性定语从句中的be 动词不能省略时, 用which;反之用as。
Jane told me she won the match, which was a lie.
简告诉我她赢了这场比赛, 这是谎话。(was 不可省略)
As (was) planned, we met at the airport.
按照计划, 我们在机场相见了。(was 可省略)
[19] A lot of language learning, as has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
[20] There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.
(一)当关系词在定语从句中作状语时, 要用关系副词。其中 when = 表时间的介词(如: in, at, on, during 等) + which; where = 表地点的介词(如: in, at, on, under 等) + which; why = 表原因的介词(如: for) + which。
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.(when= on which)
我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。
Can you tell me the office where he works? (where=in which)
你能告诉我他工作的办公室吗?
Do you know the reason why he is absent? (why=for which)
你知道他缺席的原因吗?
此外, 当先行词为 situation, case, stage, point 等, 且关系词在定语从句中作状语时, 也要用关系副词where 引导。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. 他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
[21] (2013 江西, 33) He wrote a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.
[22]Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
(二)where/ when = 介词 + 关系代词(which), 有时为表达清楚, 还可以在关系副词where/when 前加介词 from/to 等。
China is the birthplace of kites, from where kite flying spreads to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
中国是风筝的发源地吧,从这里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。
(三)关系副词 when, where 可用于非限制性定语从句中, 而关系副词why 不可以。
1. 当先行词是way(意为“方式, 方法”)时, 引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式。
What surprised me was not what he said but the way in which he said it.
What surprised me was not what he said but the way that he said it.
What surprised me was not what he said but the way (不填) he said it.
让我吃惊的不是他说的话, 而是他说话的方式。
注意下面两个句子中关系词的不同, 试比较:
The way that he explained to us was quite simple.
The way which he explained to us was quite simple.
The way (不填) he explained to us was quite simple.
他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。
The way that he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
The way in which he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
The way (不填) he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
他向我们解释句子的那种方式不难理解。
2. 先行词是 time, 若 time 作“次数”讲时, 应用关系代词 that 引导定语从句, that 可省略;若 time 作“ 一段时间” 讲且作状语时, 应用关系副词 when 或介词at/during + which 引导定语从句。
This is the second time ( that ) the President has visited the country. 这是总统第二次访问这个国家了。
This was at a time when/during which there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
这是在一个没有收音机、没有电话, 也没有电视的时期。
题组训练 用适当的关系代词、关系副词或“介词+关系代词”填空
[23]I don't like the way that/in which he laughs at her.
[24]This is the second time that I have been here.
[25]Can you still remember the time that/which we spent together in our childhood?
[26]The first time that he saw her, he fell in love with her.
引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词除了起连接主句和从句的作用外, 它们还有一个最重要的作用, 那就是它们分别在定语从句中作成分。具体地说, 关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语, 而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。因此, 在选择关系词时, 最重要的是分析一下定语从句中所缺的成分, 若从句中缺主语、宾语、定语或表语, 那么需用关系代词;若从句中缺状语, 那么需用关系副词。
试比较下面的句子:
(1)Do you still remember the days ( that/which ) we spent in Qingdao? 你还记得我们在青岛度过的日子吗?
(2)Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao?
你还记得我们在青岛过暑假的日子吗?
在句(1)中, 定语从句中缺宾语, 因此可用关系代词 that/which 来引导从句, 也可省略;
在句(2)中, 定语从句中缺时间状语, 因此需用关系副词when 来引导从句。
[27]I want to know the date when you were born.
[28]I have forgotten the date that/which you told me.
[29]Do you know the reason why he is absent today?
[30]That is the reason that/which I want to know.
[31] (2013 北京, 27)Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.
[32]This is the factory that/which his father built.
He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)
他有两个儿子, 他们在同一家公司上班。
He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has more than two sons.)
他有两个儿子在同一家公司上班。
He failed in the match, which was a great pity. (非限制性定语从句, 先行词为前面的句子) (=He failed in the match, and it was a great pity.)
他在比赛中失败了, 这真令人遗憾。
题组训练 句型转换
①That is his father, and he works in Shanghai.
That is his father, who works in Shanghai.
②I like the boy, who is very lovely.
I like the boy, because/for he is very lovely.
③ He told me a story yesterday, and I think it is very interesting.
He told me a story yesterday, which I think is very interesting.
(一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法
1. 先行词指人且在定语从句中作主语, 需用who/that 引导, 且不能省略。
She is the girl who/that lives next door.
她就是住在隔壁的女孩。
2. 先行词指物且在定语从句中作主语, 需用 that/which 引导, 且不能省略。
The work that/which has just been finished is very important.
刚刚完成的那份工作很重要。
3. 先行词指物且在定语从句中作宾语, 用 that 或 which 引导, 且可省略 that/which。
That is the book ( that/which ) I want to read.
那就是我想要读的那本书。
4. 先行词指人且在定语从句中作宾语, 用whom/who/that 引导, 且可省略 whom/who/that。
That's the girl ( whom/who/that ) I teach.
那就是我教的女孩。
5. 先行词指人或物且在定语从句中作定语, 用whose 或of whom/of which 引导。
This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.
= This is the scientist, the achievements of whom are well known.
= This is the scientist, of whom the achievements are well known. 这就是那位成就卓著的科学家。
This is the house whose window broke last night.
=This is the house, the window of which broke last night.
=This is the house, of which the window broke last night.
(注意等号后两个定语从句中的定冠词)
这就是昨晚窗户被打破的那所房子。
6. as 引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式:
such+名词 + as...像……一样的, 像……之类的
such(pron.) + as...像……一样的, 像……之类的
the same + 名词 + as...和……同样的
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。(as 作主语)
This book is not such as I expect.
这不是我期望的书。(as 作宾语)
I have the same book as he has.
我和他有同样的书。(as 作宾语)
④The house whose windows face to the north belongs to him.
⑤The man who/whom/that you met just now is my old friend.
⑥ The man who/that is walking in the playground is my old friend.
⑦ Take the book which/that is lying on the table.
⑧ She is such a girl as is always finding fault with other people.
(二)非限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法
1. 关系代词在任何情况下都不能省略。
I want to buy a dictionary, which is valuable to my learning.(which 不能省略)
我想买本字典, 字典对我的学习很有价值。
2. who(主语, 宾语), whom(宾语), which(主语, 宾语)不能用that 代替。
This is New York, which I have visited for several times.(which 不能用that 取代)
这就是纽约, 我来这里有好多次了。
3. which 引导非限制性定语从句时, 先行词可以是一个词, 也可以是个句子。
He was late again , which made the teacher very unhappy.(先行词为一句话)他又迟到了, 这使老师很不高兴。
4. 关系代词as 也可引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为句子, as 在从句中作主语、宾语。
As we know, China is a developing country.
我们知道, 中国是个发展中国家。
As is known to us all, China is in the east of Asia.
众所周知, 中国在亚洲的东部。
(三)关系代词除上面的基本用法外, 还有下列特殊用法:
1. 有时为了使表达的意思更清楚, 用“ which+名词” 引导定语从句。
He advised me to hide behind the door, which advice I took at once. 他建议我躲在门后, 我立即照着做了。
2.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
(1)当介词放在关系代词的前面时, 关系代词常用 which 或 whom, 并且不能省略。
He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
他付给男孩10 美元擦洗10 扇窗户, 这10 扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person, to whom she could turn for help.
在黑暗的街道上, 她没有一个可以求助的人。
(2)在限制性定语从句中, 当介词位于定语从句的末尾时,
可用 that/ which(指物), that/ whom/ who(指人) 作介词的宾语, 而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
This is the hero that we are proud of.
This is the hero who we are proud of.
This is the hero whom we are proud of.
This is the hero (可省略) we are proud of.
这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄。
This is the pen that I wrote the letter with.
This is the pen which I wrote the letter with.
This is the pen (可省略) I wrote the letter with.
这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。
(3)在非限制性定语从句中, “介词 + which/ whom 从句”结构中的介词不能移到从句的后面。
He has visited Gu'an No.One High School for several times, in which he has many friends.(in 不能放在定语从句句末)
他已经去过固安一中几次了, 在那里他有很多朋友。
(4)“复合介词短语 + 关系代词 which”引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开, 定语从句常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tall tree.
他住在一所大房子里, 房子前面有一棵又大又高的树。
(5)“介词+which/ whom+不定式”结构。
The poor man has no house in which to live .
=The poor man has no house (that/which) he can live in .
=The poor man has no house in which he can live .
=The poor man has no house to live in .
那个穷人没房子住。
⑨(2013 辽宁, 34) He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team.
⑩Frank's dream is to have his own garden in which to produce many beautiful flowers.
(四)几组关系词的辨析
1. 关系代词 that 和 which 的区别
(1)限制性定语从句中, 用关系代词 that 不能用 which 的情况:
1) 当先行词是不定代词 all, little, few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none, some 等时。
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?
你有什么要为自己说的吗?
2)当先行词被 the only, the very (恰恰, 正好), any, every, some, no, all, few, little, much, the right, the last, just 等词修饰时。
This is the very bus that I'm waiting for.
这就是我正在等的公交车。
The only thing that we can do is(to)give you some money.
我们唯一能做的事情就是给你一些钱。
3)当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best way that has been used against pollution.
这是已经用过的抗污染的最好的办法。
This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.
这是我曾经看过的最有趣的电影。
4)当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。
This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.
这是去苏州的最后一趟火车。
What is the first American film that you have seen?
你看过的第一部美国电影是什么?
5)当先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗?
6)当主句的主语是疑问词who 或which 时。
Which is the bike that you lost?
哪辆是你丢的自行车?
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
赢得金牌的那个男孩是谁?
7)有两个定语从句时, 其中一个关系代词宜用which, 另外一个宜用that。
They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
他们偷偷地建了一家小工厂, 这家工厂生产可能会造成污染的东西。
8)当先行词在主句中作表语, 而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
上海不再是过去的那座城市了。
9)主句是there be 句型且关系词在从句中作主语时, 用that不用which 引导。
There is a seat in the corner that is still available.
在那个角落还有一个座位可用。
(2)当先行词指事/ 物时, 定语从句中关系代词用which 不用that 的情况:
1)在非限制性定语从句中, 只用which, 不用that。
Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which , of course, made the others envy him.
海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多, 这当然让其他的儿子很嫉妒她的小儿子。
2)当动词短语中的介词提前时, 只用 which, 不用 that。
This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.
这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。
注意: 在一些固定搭配的动词短语中, 由于动词和介词不可分割, 因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。
This is the pen (which/ that) I'm looking for .
这是我正在寻找的那支钢笔。
不可以说: This is the pen for which I'm looking.
3)先行词后面有插入语时, 只用 which, 不用 that。
Here is the English grammar book which, as I've told you , will help you improve your English.
这就是我告诉过你的那本英语语法书, 它能帮你提高英语。
4)先行词本身就是 that 时, 只用 which, 不用 that。
What's that which flashed through the sky just now?
刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么?
[11]I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
[12]Whenever I met her, which was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
[13]All the presents that your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.
[14]This is the very book that I have been looking for.
[15]He was late for the opening ceremony, which was very surprising to me.
2. 关系代词as 和which 的区别
as 和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为整个主句或主句中的一部分内容, 先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语, as 与which 均不可省略, 有时两者可以互换。
He married her, as/which was natural.
他跟她结婚了, 这是很自然的事。
(1)下列情况通常只用 as 而不用 which:
1)当定语从句置于主句前面时, 用 as 不用 which。
As you see, the Chinese people are hard-working.(定语从句在句首)你知道, 中国人民是勤劳的。
注意下面句子的多种表达方法:
众所周知, 月球每月绕地球转一圈。
As is known to everybody , the moon travels round the earth once every month.
The moon travels round the earth once every month, as/which is known to everybody .
It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
(后两句属名词性从句范畴)
[16] What is known to us all is that China has the largest population in the world.
[17] It is known to us all that China has the largest population in the world.
[18] As is known to us all, China has the largest population in the world.
2)先行词作主语且定语从句为被动语态时, 通常用 as 不用 which, 从句谓语通常为: be known, be said, be reported, be announced, be mentioned 等。如果从句是主动语态, 一般用 which 作主语。
She has been absent again, as is expected.
她又缺席了, 这在预料之中。
Tom has made rapid progress, which makes me very happy.
汤姆进步很快, 这使我很高兴。
另外, as 常用在下列习惯用语中: as(it)seems likely, as(it) often happens, as(it) was printed out, as(it) was said earlier, as I remember(it), as I understand(it), as(it) appears, as is often the case, as anybody can see, as we have expected。
Jack has won the first prize, as it often happens.
像往常一样, 杰克得了一等奖。
She has read widely in Romantic Literature, as it appears from her essay.
她广泛涉猎了浪漫主义文学, 这从她的文章中可以看出来。
(2)下列情况通常用 which 而不用 as:
1)关系代词代替前面主句中的宾语从句或定语从句的谓语动词后有复合宾语时。
I don't think that he will come to see me, which makes me sad.
我认为他不会来看我了, 这使我伤心。
2)which 一般用作实义动词的主语, 这时它所引导的从句与主句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时。
Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.
汤姆一次又一次上学迟到, 这使得他的老师很生气。
3)当非限制性定语从句是否定句时。
He pretended not to know me, which I didn't understand.
他假装不认识我, 我真不明白。
4)非限制性定语从句中的be 动词不能省略时, 用which;反之用as。
Jane told me she won the match, which was a lie.
简告诉我她赢了这场比赛, 这是谎话。(was 不可省略)
As (was) planned, we met at the airport.
按照计划, 我们在机场相见了。(was 可省略)
[19] A lot of language learning, as has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
[20] There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.
(一)当关系词在定语从句中作状语时, 要用关系副词。其中 when = 表时间的介词(如: in, at, on, during 等) + which; where = 表地点的介词(如: in, at, on, under 等) + which; why = 表原因的介词(如: for) + which。
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.(when= on which)
我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。
Can you tell me the office where he works? (where=in which)
你能告诉我他工作的办公室吗?
Do you know the reason why he is absent? (why=for which)
你知道他缺席的原因吗?
此外, 当先行词为 situation, case, stage, point 等, 且关系词在定语从句中作状语时, 也要用关系副词where 引导。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. 他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
[21] (2013 江西, 33) He wrote a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.
[22]Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
(二)where/ when = 介词 + 关系代词(which), 有时为表达清楚, 还可以在关系副词where/when 前加介词 from/to 等。
China is the birthplace of kites, from where kite flying spreads to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
中国是风筝的发源地吧,从这里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。
(三)关系副词 when, where 可用于非限制性定语从句中, 而关系副词why 不可以。
1. 当先行词是way(意为“方式, 方法”)时, 引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式。
What surprised me was not what he said but the way in which he said it.
What surprised me was not what he said but the way that he said it.
What surprised me was not what he said but the way (不填) he said it.
让我吃惊的不是他说的话, 而是他说话的方式。
注意下面两个句子中关系词的不同, 试比较:
The way that he explained to us was quite simple.
The way which he explained to us was quite simple.
The way (不填) he explained to us was quite simple.
他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。
The way that he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
The way in which he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
The way (不填) he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
他向我们解释句子的那种方式不难理解。
2. 先行词是 time, 若 time 作“次数”讲时, 应用关系代词 that 引导定语从句, that 可省略;若 time 作“ 一段时间” 讲且作状语时, 应用关系副词 when 或介词at/during + which 引导定语从句。
This is the second time ( that ) the President has visited the country. 这是总统第二次访问这个国家了。
This was at a time when/during which there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
这是在一个没有收音机、没有电话, 也没有电视的时期。
题组训练 用适当的关系代词、关系副词或“介词+关系代词”填空
[23]I don't like the way that/in which he laughs at her.
[24]This is the second time that I have been here.
[25]Can you still remember the time that/which we spent together in our childhood?
[26]The first time that he saw her, he fell in love with her.
引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词除了起连接主句和从句的作用外, 它们还有一个最重要的作用, 那就是它们分别在定语从句中作成分。具体地说, 关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语, 而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。因此, 在选择关系词时, 最重要的是分析一下定语从句中所缺的成分, 若从句中缺主语、宾语、定语或表语, 那么需用关系代词;若从句中缺状语, 那么需用关系副词。
试比较下面的句子:
(1)Do you still remember the days ( that/which ) we spent in Qingdao? 你还记得我们在青岛度过的日子吗?
(2)Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao?
你还记得我们在青岛过暑假的日子吗?
在句(1)中, 定语从句中缺宾语, 因此可用关系代词 that/which 来引导从句, 也可省略;
在句(2)中, 定语从句中缺时间状语, 因此需用关系副词when 来引导从句。
[27]I want to know the date when you were born.
[28]I have forgotten the date that/which you told me.
[29]Do you know the reason why he is absent today?
[30]That is the reason that/which I want to know.
[31] (2013 北京, 27)Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.
[32]This is the factory that/which his father built.
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第1个回答 2023-03-27
七年级下册英语课文Module1 Unit1翻译 1Match the words from the box with the pictures部分翻译 bag书包 crayons蜡笔 eraser橡皮擦 football足球 gioves手套 wallet钱包 watch手表 2Listen and answer the questions部分翻译 1.Is the football Tony's? 这个足球是托尼的吗？ 2.Are the crayons Betty's? 这些蜡笔是贝蒂的吗？ 3.Whose gloves are these? 这些手套是睡的？ 3Listen and read部分翻译 Ms Li: Welcome back to school，everyone!First of all，come and look in the lost and found box! There arealot of things in it.Whose bag is this? 李老师：欢迎大家回到学校！首先，来看一下失物招领箱！里面有许多东西。这是谁的书包？ Lingling: Oh sorry! lt's mine.Are my crayons there too? 玲玲：哦，对不起！是我的。我的蜡笔也在那里吗？ Ms Li: Are these crayons yours? 李老师：这些蜡笔是你的吗？ Lingling: Yes，they are and this eraser too.Thank you． 玲玲：是的，是我的，这块橡皮也是（我的）。谢谢。 Ms Li: Whose tapes are these? 李老师：这些录音带是谁的？ Daming: They're mine． 大明：是我的。 Ms Li: Here's a purple wallet! 李老师：这儿有一个紫色的钱包！ Tony: lt's mine. Look! Here's my name “Tony"！Thank you． 托尼：它是我的。看！这儿有我的名字“托尼”！谢谢。 Ms Li: You're welcome! Look at this nice watch．Is it yours too, Daming? 李老师：不客气！看这块漂亮的手表。这也是你的吗，大明？ Daming：No, it isn't.I think it's Betty's. 大明：不，不是，我想它是贝蒂的。 Lingling: Yes, it's hers. 玲玲：是的，是她的。 Ms Li: Everyone, please be careful with your things from now on. 李老师：同学们，从现在开始请小心保管你们的物品。 Daming:here are some nice gloves．Whose gloves are they? 大明：这儿有些漂亮的手套。它们是谁的手套？ Ms Li: Let me see...Oh, they're mine!Thank you! 李老师：让我看看……哦，它们是我的！谢谢！ Everyday English 日常英语 Welcome back! 欢迎回采！ Please be careful with...from now on． 从现在开始请小心保管…… Now match the people with their things． 现在将人与他们的东西匹配。 lLingling 玲玲 a) crayons蜡笔 2 Daming大明 b) gloves手套 3 Tony托尼 c) tapes录音带 4 Betty 贝蒂 d) wallet钱包 5 Ms Li李老师 e) watch 手表 4Workin pairs.Ask and answer部分翻译 -Are the crayons Betty's? 这些蜡笔是贝蒂的吗？ -No, they're not hers. They're Lingling's． 不，不是她的。它们是玲玲的。 5Complete the passage with the correct form of the words from careful认真的 hers她的 mine 我的 purple 紫色的 tape录音带 yours 你的 Ms Li: Lingling's bag is in the lost and found box. The crayons are____too．Daming's____and Tony's____wallet are here．Is the watch____，Daming? Please be____with your things! And whose gloves are these? Oh sorry．They're____． 李老师：玲玲的书包在失物招领箱里。这些蜡笔也是____她的。大明的____录音带和托尼的____紫色的钱包都在这里。这块手表是____你的吗，大明？请____小心保管你们的物品！这些手套是谁的？哦，对不起，它们是____我的。 6Listen and repeat部分翻译 back回来 bag书包 thank 谢谢 eraser橡皮 name 名字 wallet 钱包 watch手表 7Work．n groups of three or four. Put four or five school thin A:Isthis your pen? 这是你的钢笔吗？ B:Yes，it's mine． 是的，它是我的。 A: Whose pencil is it? 这是谁的铅笔？ C：It's… 它是…… 七年级下课文翻译英语 Unit1 2d： Jane: 你好，鲍勃，你想加入什么俱乐部？ Bob:我想加入运动俱乐部。 Jane:棒极了!你会玩什么运动？ Bob:足球. Jane:这么说你可以加入足球俱乐部。 Bob:那么你呢？你非常善长讲故事.你可以加入讲故事俱乐部。 Jane:听起来不错。但我也喜欢画画。 Bob:那就加入两个俱乐部，讲故事俱乐部和美术俱乐部! Jane:好的，让我们现在去加入吧！ Section B 2a： 1.你好，我是Peter，我喜欢打篮球。我会说英语，我也会踢足球。 2.你好，我是Ma Huan，我会打乒乓球和下国际象棋。我喜欢与人们交谈和做游戏。 3.我的名字是Alan。我在学校音乐俱乐部。我会弹吉他和钢琴。我也会唱歌和跳舞。 2b: (A)我们老人之家需要帮助。在七月份你有空吗？你善于与老人相处吗？你会与他们说话做游戏吗？他们会给你讲故事，你们可以交朋友。它既有趣又好玩！请在今天拨打电话698-7729与我们联系。 (C)放学后你忙吗？不忙？你会说英语吗？是吗？那么，我们需要你帮助说英语的学生做运动。这事轻松的，容易的！请来学生运动中心吧。拨打电话293-7742联系Mr.Brown. (B)你会弹钢琴或者拉小提琴吗？在周末你有时间吗？学校需要帮助教音乐。它不难！拨打电话555-3721联系Mrs.Miller. Unit2 2d： Interviewer :Scott有一份有趣的工作。他在一家广播电台工作。Scott，你的广播节目在几点？ Scott:从晚上十二点到早上六点。 Interviewer :你通常几点起床？ Scott:晚上八点半。然后我九点吃早饭。 Interviewer :那是个有趣的早饭的时间。 Scott:是的。之后，我通常在十点二十左右锻炼。 Interviewer :你什么时候去上班？ Scott:在十一点，所以我工作从不迟到。 2b： 你好，我是Tony，我不喜欢早起床。在早上，我八点起床。然后，我在八点三十去上学。我没有许多时间吃早饭，因此，我通常吃的非常快。午饭我通常吃汉堡。放学后，我有时打半小时篮球。当我到家的时候，我总是先做作业。在晚上，我要么看电视，要么玩电脑游戏。在十点三十，我刷牙，然后上床睡觉。 Mary是我的妹妹。她通常在六点半起床。然后她总是洗淋浴，吃丰盛的早饭。然后，她在八点三十去上学。在十二点，她吃许多水果和蔬菜作为午饭。午饭后，她有时打排球。她总是在晚饭后吃冰激凌。她知道那对她不好，但冰激凌尝起来好极了！在晚上，她做家庭作业，通常还要游泳或者散步。在九点三十，她上床睡觉。 Unit3 section A 2e: Lisa:嗨，Jane.这是你的自行车吗？ Jane:是的，我每天骑它去上学。你是怎样到学校的？ Lisa:我通常乘公共汽车。 Jane:从你家到学校有多远？ Lisa:我不确定...... 大约有10千米？乘公共汽车大约需要20分钟。你到学校花费多长时间？ Jane:骑自行车大约需要15分钟。那是很好的锻炼。 Lisa:是的。哦，祝你在学校度过快乐的一天。 Jane:你也是。 SectionB： 2b： 过河去学校 你是怎样到学校的？你步行还是骑自行车？你乘公共汽车还是乘火车去？对于许多学生来说，到达学校是容易的。但是对于在中国的一个小村庄里的学生来说，是困难的。在他们的学校和村庄之间有一条很大的河。那儿没有桥，对于小船来说，这条河流太湍急不能摆渡。因此这些学生乘索道过河去学校。 一个11岁的男孩，亮亮，每个上学日都过河。但是他不害怕。“我爱和我的同学们玩耍。我爱我的老师。他对我来说，就像父亲一样。” 这些学生和村民中的许多人从没有离开过这个村庄。有一座桥是他们的梦想。他们的梦想能实现吗？ 3a： 嗨，远方的'人， 你好吗？谢谢你的上一封电子邮件。你想知道我怎样到学校，对吗？奥，我通常在大约8点离开家，步行去公共汽车站。校车通常在大约8:15来。学校离我家大约20千米。乘公共汽车到那儿大约花费40分钟。乘公共汽车从来不枯燥，因为我总是和我的同学们聊天。你呢？你是怎样到学校的？Tom Unit4 SectionA: 2d: John:嗨，我的名字叫John。这是我在学校的第一天。 Alice:嗨，John，我是Alice。这是一所极好的学校，但是有许多规则。 John:真的吗？规则当中的一些是什么？ Alice:嗯，不要上课迟到。这是非常重要的。 John:好吧，所以我们必须准时。我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗？ Alice:不，我们不可以。并且我们总是不得不穿校服。 John:我明白了。 Alice:奥，并且我们也不得不在图书馆里保持安静。 2b： 亲爱的万事通博士： 有太多的规则！在早晨6:00，我妈妈说：“现在起床并整理你的床铺！”早饭后，我的妈妈总是说：“不要把脏盘子留在厨房里！”洗碗盘子后，我因为不能迟到而跑向学校。在学校，我们有更多的规则——不要吵闹，不要在课堂上吃东西 我的爸爸说放学后我不能打篮球，因为我必须做家庭作业。我仅仅在周末能玩。晚饭后，我也不能放松。我在看电视之前必须先读书。但是十点前我得上床睡觉。规则，规则，规则！太可怕了！我能做什么，万事通博士？ 莫莉.布朗亲爱的Molly： 我知道你感觉怎样。人们总是告诉我们“不要这样做”或者“你不能那样做”，但是考虑一下这样的事，莫莉。你可以做许多事情。你可以在周末打篮球。你可以在读书后看电视。父母和学校有时是严格的，但是记住，他们制定规则是为了帮助我们。我们不得不遵守他们。 好运！ 万事通博士 Unit 5 section A 2d: Jenny:你的狗真可爱，Peter！ Peter:他是我的新宠物，丁丁。他非常聪明。 Jenny:真的吗？他能做什么？ Peter:他能用两条腿走路。他也能跳舞。 Jenny:哇！ Peter:你家有一个宠物吗？ Jenny: 我妈妈有一只大猫，但是我不喜欢她。 Peter:你为什么不喜欢那只猫？ Jenny: 嗯，因为她有点讨厌。他整天睡觉，并且他的名字叫懒惰。 Peter:哈哈，那么对他来说那是个好名字！ Section B： 2b： 你好，我们是来自泰国的学生，并且我们想拯救大象。大象是泰国的象征之一。我们的第一面国旗上有一头白色的大象。这是一个好运的象征。 大象是聪明的动物。他们能踢足球或弹奏音乐。他们画画也能画的很好。人们说“大象从不遗忘东西”。大象能走很长时间且从不迷路。他们也能记住有食物和水的地方。这帮助它们得以生存。 但是大象处于极大的危险当中。人们砍到了许多树，因此，大象渐渐失去了它们的家园。人们为了他们的象牙也杀死大象。现在仅有大约3000头大象（之前超过10万头）。我们必须拯救树木并且不要买由象牙制成的东西。记住3月13日是泰国的大象日。 Unit6 section 2d: Jenny:喂？我是Jenny。 Laura:嗨，Jenny，我是Laura。 Jenny:噢，嗨，Laura，你在做什么？ Laura: 没做什么，我只是在洗我的衣服。你呢？ Jenny: 我在看电视。你想和我一起吃晚饭吗？ 我的父母不在家，我们可以在外面吃。 Jenny: 好，我愿意。 Jenny:让我们先在我家见面。六点半来吧。 Jenny:好，到时见。 Section B 2b： 今天的故事是关于来自深圳的一名学生，朱辉。他现在正在美国学习。他在纽约，和一个美国人的家庭住在一起。今天是端午节。现在是上午九点，朱辉的家人在家里。他的妈妈和婶婶正在包粽子。他的爸爸和叔叔正在看船赛。 朱辉也在看船赛和吃粽子吗？好啦，现在是纽约时间下午九点，节日前的夜晚。但是在美国没有端午节，因此，对于朱辉和他的寄宿家庭来说今晚和其他任何一个夜晚一样。那位母亲正在给她的幼小的孩子们讲故事。父亲正在通过电视看一场足球赛。朱辉在干什么呢？他在和他深圳的表哥通过电话交谈，朱辉思念他的家人并希望吃上他妈妈的可口的粽子。朱辉非常喜欢纽约和他的寄宿家庭，但仍然“没有比家里更好的地方。 Unit 7 section A 2d: Rick: 你好,我是Rick. Steve:你好,Rick,我是Steve。情况怎么样? Rick: 还好,谢谢。天气好极了。你在做什么？ Steve:我在公园里和一些朋友打篮球。 Rick:听起来好像你正玩得高兴。 Steve:是的。你的兄弟在家吗？ Rick:哦，他不在这儿。他在他的朋友家学习。我可以给他捎个口信吗？ Steve:是的，你能不能叫他给我回个电话？ Rick: 当然可以，没问题。 Section B： 2b： 亲爱的Jane， 情况怎么样？我正在加拿大愉快的拜访我的姨妈。她在这工作，我要去上夏季学校。我正在学习英语并且学到了很多。我也正在拜访我的一些老朋友。再次见到他们我是如此的高兴。现在是下午，我正在坐在游泳池边喝橙汁。天气暖和且阳光明媚，并且在这很放松。 再见。 琳达 亲爱的Jane， 你的暑假过的怎么样？你正在努力学习，还是在痛快的玩？我正在欧洲过的很愉快？我和我的家人正在山里度假。我想要给你打个电话，但是我的电话现在不能用，因此我给你写信。现在你的国家天气炎热，不是吗？这的天气凉爽且多云，散步正合适。 下个月见。 Dave Unit8 section A 2d: Tony:你好，打扰了。 Linda：你好，我可以怎么帮助你？ Tony:嗯，我是镇里新来的。这周围有银行吗？ Linda：是的，有。它在中心大街上。它在公园对面。 Tony:哦......中心大街在哪里？ Linda：它离这不太远。我可以和你一起走过去。 Tony:哦，太好了！多谢。 Linda：没什么。 Section B 2b： Anna在我的街区有一个动物园。我喜欢在那度过周末时光。我喜欢观看猴子们到处爬。猴子们有时打架。他们看起来像我和我的朋友打架的时候。要到达那，我通常步行出去，在桥路向右转。然后我沿着桥路走。动物园在右边。 John我住在一家超市附近。我的父母通常在那购物。在超市对面有一个大公园。我经常在公园锻炼，因为我喜欢干净的空气和阳光，一生中最好的事情是免费的。要到达公园，你就得过中心大街。 Lisa我住在一个喧闹的街区。在我家和服装店之间有一个邮局。但是我最喜欢的地方是图书馆。它非常安静并且我在那享受读书的乐趣。当我读书时，时间过得飞快！你可以很容易地到达图书馆。只是沿着北路走然后向左转。它在公园的对面。 Unit 9 section A 2d: Mike:嗨，Tony。今晚你去看电影吗？ Tony:是的。我们七点见面好吗？ Mike:好的，但是我肯呢过晚一点儿！我的朋友戴 维也要去。就先在电影院前与他见面吧。 Tony:哦，但是我不认识他，他长得什么样？ Mike:哦，他留着棕色头发，且戴着眼镜。 Tony: 好吧，他高还是矮？ Mike:他不高也不矮。他中等个子。 Tony: 好吧，当然可以，那么回头见。 Section B： 2b： 一份有趣的工作 Joe Brown有一份非常有趣的工作。他是一个警察艺术家。一些人看到犯罪活动，然后跟Joe谈话。他们告诉他罪犯长什么样。然后Joe画出罪犯的图片，并且警察把他放在报纸上和电视上来找他。 他想要画出每一位罪犯的好图片，但是，这项工作是困难的。许多人不总是以同样的方式看事物，因此，同样的人可能描述不同，还有，他们不总是记得好。“罪犯中等身材且年轻。他留着长或者直的棕色头发，长着大眼睛，”一位妇女说。另一位妇女说：“他个子高且瘦，并且留着金黄色的卷发。他大约三十岁。”最后，真正的罪犯是一个个子矮且肥胖的老年男人，并且留着黑色的短发。 Unit 10 section A 2d: Waitress:下午好，请问您可以点菜了吗？ Sally:是的，牛肉汤里有蔬菜吗？ Waitress:是的，有一些西红柿。 Sally:好吧，我们想要一碗牛肉汤。 Waitress:当然可以。要多大碗的？ Sally:请来大碗的。 Tom:我们还要宫保鸡丁和一些带有米饭的麻婆豆腐。 Waitress:好的，一份大碗牛肉汤，一份宫保鸡丁和一份带有米饭的麻婆豆腐。 Tom:是的，你说的对。 Section B 2b： 世界各地的生日食品 人们在生日时愿意吃什么？在不同的国家答案是不同的。 在许多国家，人们吃带有蜡烛的生日蛋糕。蜡烛的数量是这个人的年龄。过生日的人要许个愿望并吹灭蜡烛。如果他或她一口气吹灭所有的蜡烛，愿望将会实现。在英国，人们有时在生日蛋糕里放一块糖果。得到糖果的孩子是幸运的。 在中国，在生日时吃蛋糕正变得流行。但是许多人仍吃长寿面。他们从不切断面条，因为长面条是长寿的象征。在一些地方，中国人也在生日时吃鸡蛋。它们是生命和好运的象征。 所有的这些生日食品可能是不同的，但是想法是相同的。它们带给过生日的人好运。 Unit 11 section A 2d: Peter:嗨，Eric。上周你的郊游怎么样？ Eric: 太好了。我在乡下看望了我的祖父母。 Peter: 哦，很好，你做了什么？ Eric:我每天去钓鱼。并且我和我的祖父母一起喂养小鸡。非常有趣。 Peter: 听起来很好。那的天气怎么样？ Eric:天气好极了，并且空气是那么干净。我在夜晚观看了星星，它们是那么的美丽。 Peter:你真幸运。 Section B： 2b 6月15日 今天我去学校郊游了。我们参观了科学博物馆。并且它真的很有趣。我们乘火车很快就到达了那里。沿途我们看到了一些农场和村庄。在博物馆，我了解了许多关于机器人的知识。我不知道它们能和我们一起下棋。天气是如此凉快！然后，导游教我们怎样制作一个机器人模型。我也拍了许多好照片。后来，我去了礼品商店并为我的父母买了一些可爱的礼物。它们价格不贵。总的来说，这事令人兴奋的一天。 6月15日 我认为今天的学校郊游非常糟糕。我们乘火车去了博物馆。在缓慢的火车上很热。博物馆又大又无聊。一切都是关于机器人的，我对那方面 不感兴趣。房间真的很暗而且拍照很难，因此我没有拍。也有太多的人，并且我真的不能看到或听到导游。礼品店里的东西如此昂贵。我一点也不喜欢这次郊游。 Unit 12 section A 2d: Paul: 嗨，Sally，你的周末过得怎么样？ Lisa:好极了，谢谢。 Paul:你做什么了？ Sally:我在自然历史博物馆里当导游。 Paul:真的吗？多么有趣啊！ Sally:是的，那是一件愉快的事。他们有一个有200多种蝴蝶的房子。我向游客讲述蝴蝶及他们的生活习惯。你过了一个愉快的周末吗？ Paul:是的，挺好的，但是我现在有点累。为了看足球赛我熬到深夜。 Section B 2b： 一个令人记忆犹新的周末 我的姐姐两周前中学毕业了。作为一个特殊的礼物，我们的父母带我们去了印度。上个周末有趣但是可怕。 我们在印度的一个小村庄宿营。首先，我们搭乘一辆长途公共汽车来到乡下的一个湖。在那里我们搭起帐篷，生火取暖并在上面煮食物。在第一个晚上，我们就坐在月亮下，互相讲故事。但是我是如此疲倦，以至于我很早就睡着了。 第二天早上，我和我的姐姐大吃一惊。当我们向我们的帐篷外看时，我们看到一条蛇正在火堆附近睡觉。我是如此的惊慌以至于不能动。我们呼喊我们的父母，以便让他们知道险情。我的爸爸，开始在他们的的帐篷内上下跳动。这样弄醒了蛇并且蛇移进湖附近的森林里。我的爸爸后来告诉我蛇没有耳朵，但能感觉到东西在移动。他还告诉我不要靠近蛇非常重要。对我来说，这是很有用的一次教训。 3a： 我有一个繁忙的周末。在星期六上午，我打扫了我的房间。在下午，我做了我的家庭作业。它有点难。在星期六晚上，我待在家里并帮助我的妈妈做晚饭。在星期天早上，我去了图书馆，我阅读课一本关于历史的书。然后在下午，我和我的朋友一起踢足球。在星期天的晚上，我看了电视，我看了一个有趣的访谈节目。
我不能在上学日打篮球但是我可以在周末打,用定语从句?
He has visited Gu'an No.One High School for several times, in which he has many friends.(in 不能放在定语从句句末) 他已经去过固安一中几次了, 在那里他有很多朋友。 (4)“复合介词短语 + 关系代词 which”引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开, 定语从句常用倒装语序。 He lived in a big house,...
班主任能规定学生在节假日不能打篮球吗
我以一个过来人的身份告诉你：上大学后，学校会有很多篮球比赛，MM们很喜欢那些打篮球的gg，觉得他们上篮、投篮都很帅。如果你打得很好，成了班级、学院、甚至是学校里的小偶像，以后泡mm是不成问题的啦~你考研究生的时候，有好多研究生、博士生的导师也喜欢打篮球，如果你有这个特长，他们在录取的...
为什么我上学日赖床,而周末却早早醒了
其实确是跟心理有关系，因为你不怎么爱上学，甚至还有点讨厌，所以每当上学日,就会产生躲避心理，哪怕是在床上多躲会也好.而周末呢好辛苦才盼来了，你想开开心心地玩一天，所以不想呆在床上多浪费一刻.
...因学习紧张所以上学期间没时间打篮球,双休日能,但还有一张游_百度知...
能 打篮球多可能会对长个有帮助 但打得少也能长个 我就是对篮球爱不释手 几乎一星期打4 5次 才180 我同桌18年可能篮球碰过都不到10次 他都185 所以说打得少也能长个 楼上的回答是正确的 生活习惯很重要 千万别晚睡！ 你才初二 正是发育好时机 游泳也很有帮助 （最后一个建议 晚上睡觉别...
为什么我爸妈不让我在上学日玩手机,只有周六日能玩。但是我同学我朋友都...
1. 父母限制我在上学日使用手机，只有在周末才能玩游戏，这让我感到很不公平，因为我的朋友们似乎可以在上学日随意使用手机。2. 起初，我非常羡慕我的同学们能够在上课日玩手机，甚至带去学校。这让我觉得自己的父母过于严格。3. 然而，我逐渐意识到父母的限制是出于对我的关心和对我的学习负责。他们...
...只有周六日能玩。但是我同学我朋友都能在上学日玩手机甚至还可以带到...
其实我爸妈原来也这样，我跟你情况差不多，也是羡慕同学。我的方法是软磨硬泡，还有考试什么的一定要考好，作业也早早写完，最好让家长检查一下，让他们觉得你玩手机也不会影响学习。还有就是你可以和他们谈条件，考多少分就可以玩一会。反正我现在是有自由权的 ...
被人问周末都在做什么,该怎么回答?
1，取决于你到底在做什么。2，取决于你想让对方知道什么。正常来说自然是你做什么就说什么了，睡觉了就是睡觉了，玩游戏就是玩游戏了，旅游就是旅游了，这些都是无可厚非的事情，也没有什么可隐瞒着的，主要也不希望因为这样的小事撒谎，毕竟撒谎对一个人的品格影响是相当恶劣的。然后就是你想让...
...星期六日需要工作,我现在每天晚上都出去打篮球,我物理和数学不行,如...
一、进行自我分析 我们每天都在学习，可能有的同学没有想过我是怎样学习的这个问题，因此制订计划前首先进行自我分析。1、分析自己的学习特点，同学们可以仔细回顾一下自己的学习情况，找出学习特点。各人的学习特点不一样：有的记忆力强，学过知识不易忘记；有的理解力好，老师说一遍就能听懂；有的动作...
大学生如何将周末过得有意义呢?
在我看来，只要不把时间荒废了，把每一天过得都很充实就是很有意义的。利用周末时间做些自己想做的事情，毕竟每个人都有不同的生活方式，只要充分利用时间，不要让时间白白浪费掉。周末可以做的事情有很多，就像有些人就比较喜欢看书，他就可以去图书馆；而有的人比较喜欢玩，他就可以去外面逛逛。总之...
...school day”为题,中文为“我的上学日”500字。在此说明我6点半_百...
My School Day I am a boy. I study in Mingde Primary School. I am in Class Four, Grade Six. In the morning, we have Chinese, math and English. I like English very much, because my English teacher is very kind, he often makes us laugh, we like him very much. In the ...
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