求短文改错题的做题技巧

Answer 1

一、检查主谓是否一致

谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致，这是改错的考点之一。例如：

1. Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them.

cost应改为costs，因其主语是it（为形式主语），且上下文均为一般现在时。

2. There are branch library in many villages.

句中library应改为复数形式libraries，因为前面是there are， 主谓应一致。

3. Playing football not only... but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.

此句的主语是playing football，视为第三人称单数，其谓语give 应改为gives。

主谓一致的情况较为复杂,有些特殊句式的主谓一致问题很容易被忽视，答题时要高度重视。

二、检查时态是否一致

时态错误几乎是每年NMET短文改错中必设的改错题。要有目的地去检查文中的每一个谓语动词的时态与上下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相一致。例如：

1. I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away. And it is really great to see most of my old friends again.

is 应改为was，与上一分句的时态一致。

2. They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing together.

have 与前面句子中offered时态不一致，应改为had。

3. My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team.

此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。

三、检查指代是否一致

指代错误也是高考改错题中的考点。注意短文中出现的每一个代词（包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词以及疑问代词等），检查一下它所指代的内容以及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确或前后指代是否一致。例如：

1. And I can’t forget the food you cooked for I.

人称代词作介词的宾语,故要用其宾格，I应改为me。

2. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.

句子的主语the Smiths表示的是复数概念“史密斯一家人”，故其指代词应该用第三人称复数their而不是his。

3. I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.

关系副词where在引导定语从句时不可作主语，应将其改为关系代词which。

四、检查平行结构是否保持一致

由and，or，but，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，as well as等并列连词连接的平行结构，在词性、时态、非谓语动词的形式上往往要求前后一致。例如：

1. Modern people know...， have better food，and to live in cleaner surroundings.

应将to live前的to删掉，因为and连接的是know，have，live三个并列的谓语动词，其时态和形式必须一致。

2. He said it was best to stay until help arrived rather than go into the forest and getting lost.

go ... and getting显然不平行，应将getting改为get。

3. It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.

句中的drove显然与and前面的meet不平行，应改为drive。

五、检查行文逻辑是否一致

检查这方面的错误应从文章整体内容出发，通篇考虑。逻辑不一致主要是由肯定与否定、关联词语以及动词（如come与go，take与bring）的误用所造成的， 应多从这方面去查找。例如：

1. Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.

根据行文逻辑，这里不应该由since来引导原因状语从句，应该是when/whenever或if来引导时间或条件状语从句。

2. We tried to fix it and it still didn’t work.

根据行文逻辑，表示并列关系的and应改为表示转折关系的but。

六、检查名词的单复数与修饰词语或上下文是否一致

名词数的错误也是高考考点。要检查一下名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。例如：

1. They have been to Europe many time.

time（次）显然与修饰语many不一致，应改为times。

2. They asked me lots of question.

question是可数名词，其修饰词是lots of，当然应该用复数questions。

3. We often watch football match on TV together.

根据上下文和该句中的often 来判断，句中的match 应该是matches。

以上只是一些基本方法的介绍和分析，要真正提高改错能力，还需要在日常学习中不断练习、总结，通过强化训练来提高自己的综合能力