The Spring Festival is the lunar new year, lunar January day, also known as the lunar new year, commonly known as "have the Spring Festival". This is our country folk the most solemn, the most lively a traditional festival. The long history of the Spring Festival, which originated in the Shang period of the first activities of the ritual worship. According to the Chinese lunar calendar, the Lunar New Year's Day ancient Mongol, firstar, element, Yuan Shuo, new year's day, commonly known as the Lunar New Year's day, to the Republic of China, to switch to the Gregorian calendar, the Gregorian calendar January a day known as new year's day, the lunar January 1, called the Spring Festival.
The Lantern Festival: the Lantern Festival (also known as the "Spring Festival", namely the lunar Lantern Festival day. Is an important traditional festival in China. In ancient books, this day is called "spring", the night called "night", "Lantern Festival" or "lantern". Lantern Festival this name has been used so far. As the Lantern Festival with lanterns, lights and folk customs, known as the "festival of lights". In addition to eat dumplings, stilt, guess riddles written on lanterns and other customs. China's ancient calendar and the phases of the moon have close relationship, 15 per month, it ushered in a year the first full moon night, the day the of course is considered auspicious. In the early Han Dynasty, Lantern Festival has been used as houses of worship, pray for a blessed day. Later the Lantern Festival known as the "spring", "middle", said in July fifteen in October fifteen called "yuan". The latest early in the northern and Southern Dynasties, three yuan is to be held in celebration of the day. Three yuan, the most popular lantern. Later, in, under yuan celebration gradually abolished, lantern enduring). One day before the Qingming Festival: "(a holiday, old customs in the Qingming Festival two days before the day of Qingming [said]. During the spring and Autumn period have been asylum years Chonger childe could return ascended the throne [i.e., Duke Wen of Jin, seal tours with the death of the servant, with the exception of missing push mediated. Push mediated and mother articles in the mountain lamb southeast of Shanxi County in Jiexiu province today []. Jinwengong after that to seal tours, to find Mianshan, could not find him, they want to force him out of the mountain burned. But the push to adhere to the media, the results of the mother and the two were burned.
Jinwengong so shall this day every year to forbid people to fire cooking, "said mourning. Later they formed in the cold food cold food day, sweep the tombs and customs). April 5: Qingming Festival (Ching Ming Festival is a traditional Chinese festival, is the most important festival is day of ancestor worship and grave. Sweep the tombs called Shangfen, the sacrifices of the dead an activity. Han and minority ethnic groups are in the Tomb-sweeping Day sweep the tombs. According to the old tradition, the grave, people want to carrying Jiushi fruit, paper money, etc. items to the cemetery, will be food for offering in the tomb of loved ones, then the dead incineration, cemeteries on the new soil, fold a few branches green shoots in the grave and kowtow worship salute, eat Jiushi final home.
The Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu's poem "Qingming": "Qingming, the pedestrian on the road. I ask where there are restaurants? The shepherd boy points at Xinghuacun." Wrote the special atmosphere of the Qingming festival. Ching Ming Festival, also known as Ta Qing Festival, according to the Gregorian calendar, it is in the annual April 4 to 6 days between, it is springtime vegetation spit green season is spring outing people [the ancient name outing] a good time, so there are ancient Ching Ming TA Qing, and carry out a series of sports activities of the customs. May in Chinese lunar calendar: Dragon Boat Festival (lunar calendar in May, as the "dragon boat festival".
"Dragon Boat Festival" called "end of the five", is at the beginning of the end. "Five" and "Wu" are homophonic and general. Is an ancient festival of our country. Our country ancient times the earliest patriotic poet Qu Yuan suffers calumny was banished, witnessed the growing corruption in the politics of the state of Chu, but also may not realize his political ideal, the inability to save the peril of the motherland, and since the vote Miluo River from the martyred. Thereafter, people in order not to eat the bodies of fish and shrimp, have made of glutinous rice flour molded into various shapes of the pancake into the river, which became later Dragon Boat Festival to eat dumplings, fried cake. This custom has spread abroad. Lunar Chuqi July: July 7th Valentine's Day (lunar calendar July 7th night is called "July 7th". Chinese folk legend cowherd that night in the Tianhe meet Bridge, after the women on this night to Vega needle Qiqiao customs. The so-called Qiqiao, namely in the moonlight in front of the Vega with colored thread to thread a needle, such as through the seven pieces of different sizes of the needle, even a "smart".
Nongyan said "the seventh in July sunny Jiaojiao, grinding sickle cut rice." This is a scythe for harvesting rice). The lunar calendar in August Fifteen: Mid Autumn Festival (lunar calendar August 15th, the day when the middle of autumn, so called "mid autumn festival". In the evening, full moon, cinnamon, old customs that people put it as a symbol of reunion, it is necessary to prepare a variety of fruits and cooked food is the Moon Festival.
Mid Autumn Festival also eat moon cakes. According to legend, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the broad masses of the people to overthrow the tyrannical rule of the Yuan Dynasty, the initiated riots date written on a piece of paper, put in the moon cake stuffing, to pass each other secrets, call on everyone in the August 15 uprising. The peasant uprising on this day has finally made anational scale drying, was to overthrow the corrupt rule of the yuan dynasty. Since then, the Mid Autumn Festival to eat moon cakes more widely spread.
春节,是农历正月初一,又叫阴历年,俗称“过年”。这是我国民间最隆重、最热闹的一个传统节日。春节的历史很悠久,它起源于殷商时期年头岁尾的祭神祭祖活动。按照我国农历,正月初一古称元日、元辰、元正、元朔、元旦等,俗称年初一,到了民国时期,改用公历,公历的一月一日称为元旦,把农历的一月一日叫春节。
农历正月十五:元宵节
(又称“上元节”,即阴历正月十五日。是我国一个重要的传统节日。在古书中,这一天称为“上元”,其夜称“元夜”、“元夕”或“元宵”。元宵这一名称一直沿用至今。由于元宵有张灯、看灯的习俗,民间又习称为“灯节”。此外还有吃元宵、踩高跷、猜灯谜等风俗。我国古代历法和月相有密切的关系,每月十五,人们迎来了一年之中第一个月满之夜,这一天理所当然地被看作是吉日。早在汉代,正月十五已被用作祭祀天帝、祈求福佑的日子。后来古人把正月十五称“上元”,七月十五称“中元”,十月十五称“下元”。最迟在南北朝早期,三元已是要举行大典的日子。三元中,上元最受重视。到后来,中元、下元的庆典逐渐废除,而上元经久不衰。)
清明节前一天:寒食
(旧俗中的一个节日,在清明节前一天[一说清明前两天]。春秋时已出亡多年的晋国公子重耳回国即位[即晋文公],封赏随其亡的臣子,唯独漏掉了介之推。介之推于是携老母隐居绵山[今山西省介休县东南]。晋文公得知后欲加封赏,寻至绵山,找不到他,便想烧山逼他出来。但介之推坚持不出,结果母子二人俱被烧死。晋文公于是规定每年这一天禁止人们起火烧饭,以寒食表示悼念。后来便形成了在寒食这天寒食、扫墓的风俗。)
四月五日:清明节
(清明节是我国传统节日,也是最重要的祭祀节日,是祭祖和扫墓的日子。扫墓俗称上坟,祭祀死者的一种活动。汉族和一些少数民族大多都是在清明节扫墓。按照旧的习俗,扫墓时,人们要携带酒食果品、纸钱等物品到墓地,将食物供祭在亲人墓前,再将纸钱焚化,为坟墓培上新土,折几枝嫩绿的新枝插在坟上,然后叩头行礼祭拜,最后吃掉酒食回家。唐代诗人杜牧的诗《清明》:“清明时节雨纷纷,路上行人欲断魂。借问酒家何处有?牧童遥指杏花村。”写出了清明节的特殊气氛。 清明节,又叫踏青节,按阳历来说,它是在每年的4月4日至6日之间,正是春光明媚草木吐绿的时节,也正是人们春游[古代叫踏青]的好时候,所以古人有清明踏青,并开展一系列体育活动的的习俗。)
农历五月初五:端午节
(阴历五月初五日为“端午节”。“端午”本名“端五”,端是初的意思。“五”与“午”互为谐音而通用。是我国的一个古老节日。我国古代最早的爱国诗人屈原 遭谗言被放逐后,目睹楚国政治日益腐败,又不得实现自己的政治理想,无力拯救危亡的祖国,于是自投汩罗江以殉国。此后,人们为了不使鱼虾吃掉其尸体,纷纷用糯米和面粉捏成各种形状的饼子投入江心,这便成为后来端午节吃粽子、炸糕的来源。这风俗已传到了国外。)
农历七月初七:七夕情人节
(阴历七月七日的晚上称“七夕”。我国民间传说牛郎织女此夜在天河鹊桥相会,后有妇女于此夜向织女星穿针乞巧等风俗。所谓乞巧,即在月光下对着织女星用彩线穿针,如能穿过七枚大小不同的针眼,就算很“巧”了。农谚上说“七月初七晴皎皎,磨镰割好稻。”这又是磨镰刀准备收割早稻的时候。)
农历八月十五:中秋节
(阴历八月十五日,这一天正当秋季的正中,故称“中秋”。到了晚上,月圆桂香,旧俗人们把它看作大团圆的象征,要备上各种瓜果和熟食品,是赏月的佳节。中秋节还要吃月饼。据传说,元朝末年,广大人民为了推翻残暴的元朝统治,把发起暴动的日期写在纸条上,放在月饼馅子里,以便互相秘密传递,号召大家在八月十五日起义。终于在这一天烘发了全国规模的农民大起义,推翻了腐朽透顶的元朝统治。此后,中秋吃月饼的风俗就更加广泛地流传开来。)
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