æ¶æï¼Tenseï¼æ¯è±è¯è°è¯å¨è¯çä¸ç§å½¢å¼ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½åçæ¶é´ï¼Timeï¼åä½æï¼Aspectï¼ãæè°ä½ææ¯æå¨ä½åççæ¹å¼æäºç©æå¤çç¶æãè±è¯ä¸åäºæ±è¯ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½åçå¨ä»ä¹æ¶é´å以ä½ç§ä½æåçï¼ä¸»è¦æ¯éè¿è°è¯å¨è¯å½¢å¼æ¬èº«çååæ¥å®ç°çãè±è¯ä¸ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½åççæ¶é´æåç§ï¼ç°å¨ãè¿å»ãå°æ¥åè¿å»å°æ¥ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½åççä½æä¹æåç§ï¼ä¸è¬ãè¿è¡ãå®æåå®æè¿è¡ãæ¶é´åä½æçç»åå°±ææäºæ¶æãè±è¯æ16ç§æ¶æï¼è§ä¸è¡¨ï¼ãä½æ¯è¾å¸¸ç¨çåªæåç§ï¼ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶ãä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ãä¸è¬å°æ¥æ¶ãè¿å»å°æ¥æ¶ãç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶ãè¿å»è¿è¡æ¶ãå°æ¥è¿è¡æ¶ãç°å¨å®ææ¶ãè¿å»å®ææ¶åç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶ã
8.1 âè¬ç°å¨æ¶ï¼Present Indefinite Tenseï¼
1. è¡¨ç¤ºä¹ æ¯æ§çå¨ä½ï¼è®²è¯æ¶ï¼äººæäºç©çç¹æ§æç¶æï¼ä»¥å客è§ççç
è°è¯å¨è¯ï¼é¤ç¬¬ä¸äººç§°åæ°éè¦å¨å¨è¯åå -så¤ï¼å
¶ä½äººç§°åç¨å å½¢å¨è¯ï¼beåhaveå¨è¯éç人称çä¸åæç¹æ®å½¢å¼ï¼ã该æ¶æ常è·æä¸ä¸ªå«æé¢åº¦æç°å¨æ¦å¿µçç¶è¯ï¼å¦ï¼alwaysï¼neverï¼every dayçãä¾å¦ï¼
We get up at six every morning. ï¼ä¹ æ¯æ§å¨ä½ï¼æ们æ¯å¤©æ©ä¸å
ç¹éèµ·åºã
Everyone is in high spirits. ï¼ç°å¨æå¤ç¶æï¼å¤§å®¶é½æ
绪é«æ¶¨
Light travels more quickly than sound. ï¼å®¢è§äºå®ï¼å
æ¯å£°è¿è¡å¾æ´å¿«ã
2. ç¨äºæ¶é´åæ¡ä»¶ç¶è¯ä»å¥ä¸ï¼ä»£æ¿ä¸è¬å°æ¥æ¶
ä¾å¦ï¼
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic. å¦ææ天æ¯æ´å¤©ï¼æ们å°å»éé¤ã
When you come next time, bring me some magazines. ä½ ä¸æ¬¡æ¥æ¶ï¼ç»æ带å æ¬æå¿æ¥ã
3. ä¸æäºå
·æâåºåï¼å°è¾¾âçå«ä¹çå¨è¯è¿ç¨ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæ计åå°è¦åççå¨ä½
常ç¨çè¿é¨åè¯å
æ¬ï¼arriveï¼beï¼beginï¼goï¼leaveï¼startï¼stayçãä¾å¦ï¼
The delegation arrives in Beijing this afternoon.代表å¢å°äºä»å¤©ä¸åå°è¾¾ã
There is a new film tonight.ä»å¤©æä¸æä¸ä¸ªæ°çµå½±ã
4. ç¨äºæ¥åçæ°é»æ é¢ä¸
ä¾å¦ï¼
Algerian Troops Fire on Anti-government Rioters é¿å°åå©äºé¨éååæ¿åºæ´ä¹±è
å¼ç«
Wildlife Flourishes in Jilin Reserves åæä¿æ¤åºéçå¨ç©å
´æº
8.2 âè¬è¿å»æ¶ï¼Past Indefinite Tenseï¼
表示è¿å»ææ¶é´çå¨ä½æç¶æãè°è¯å¨è¯ç¨è¿å»å¼ï¼è§åå¨è¯çè¿å»å¼æ¯å¨åå½¢å¨è¯åå -edæ-dï¼ä¸è§åå¨è¯çååå½¢å¼éè¦è®°å¿ï¼åè§éå½ä¸ï¼ã该æ¶æ常è·æä¸ä¸ªè¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»æ¶é´çç¶è¯ï¼å¦ï¼thenï¼at that timeï¼just nowï¼three days agoï¼æä¸ä¸ªç±whenï¼whileçå¼å¯¼ç表示è¿å»çæ¶é´ç¶è¯ä»å¥ãä¾å¦ï¼
The children went out just now. ï¼ä¸è§åå¨è¯ï¼å©å们åæåºå»äºã
She died ten years ago. ï¼è§åå¨è¯ï¼å¥¹åå¹´åå°±å»ä¸äºã
ã注ãææ¶ä¸ä¸ªä½¿ç¨è¿å»æ¶çå¥åä¸å¹¶æ²¡æ表示è¿å»æ¶é´çç¶è¯ï¼å´æä¸ä¸ªå°ç¹ç¶è¯ãè¿æ¶ï¼è¯¥å°ç¹ç¶è¯å¾å¾æ示äºå¨ä½æ¯å¨è¿å»ææ¶é´åççãä¾å¦ï¼
I lost my wallet at the theatre.æå¨å§é¢ä¸¢äºé±å
ã
8.3 âè¬å°æ¥æ¶ï¼Future Indefinite Tenseï¼
表示ç¸å¯¹äºè®²è¯æ¶é´å°è¦åççå¨ä½ææ
åµãè°è¯å½¢å¼æ¯shallæwillå å¨è¯åå½¢ãï¼å¨è±å½ç¬¬ä¸äººç§°ç¨shallï¼å
¶ä»äººç§°ç¨willï¼å¨ç¾å½åç§äººç§°åç¨willãï¼è¿ç§æ¶æï¼é常è·æä¸ä¸ªè¡¨ç¤ºå°æ¥çæ¶é´ç¶è¯ï¼å¦soonï¼next weekï¼tomorrowçãä¾å¦ï¼
Next month, my sister will be nineteen. ä¸ä¸ªææ妹妹å°æ¯åä¹å²äºã
I will (æshall) return you the book as soon as possible. æå°å°½å¿«å°æ书è¿ç»ä½ ã
ã注ã表示å°æ¥æ¶é´çå
¶ä»å½¢å¼.
1) be going to do表示æè¿æç®è¦åçäºæ
ãä¾å¦ï¼
What are you going to do this evening? ä½ ä»å¤©æä¸å¹²ä»ä¹ï¼
The wall is going to be painted green. è¿å µå¢å°è¢«æ¼æ绿è²ã
ææ¶ï¼ä¹ç¨äºå¤©æ°æ
åµãä¾å¦ï¼
It is going to rain. 天è¦ä¸é¨äºã
be going toå¯ç¨äºæ¡ä»¶å¥è¡¨ç¤ºå°æ¥æ¶é´ï¼èwill(shall)åä¸è½ãä¾å¦ï¼
If you are going to play tennis this afternoon, you had better get your shoes prepared now. å¦æä½ ä¸åè¦æç½çï¼æ好ç°å¨å°±æéåå¤å¥½ã
2) be to do表示æ计åè¦åççäºæ
ãä¾å¦ï¼
We are to meet at the school gate.æ们约å®å¨æ ¡é¨å£è§é¢ã
3) be about to doç»æ表示âå³å°ï¼æ£è¦ï¼åæäºâãä¾å¦ï¼
Autumn harvest is about to start.ç§æ¶å°±è¦å¼å§äºã
4) ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºæ ¹æ®è§å®ãæ¶é´è¡¨è¦åççå¨ä½ï¼åè§æ¬è®² 8.1-3)
5) ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºæ计åãå®æå³å°åççå¨ä½ï¼åè§æ¬è®²8.5-2)
8.4 ä¸è¬è¿å»å°æ¥æ¶ï¼Past Future Indefinite Tenseï¼
表示å¨è¿å»æä¸æ¶å»ä¹åå°è¦åççå¨ä½ææ
åµãå¤ç¨äºä¸»å¥è°è¯å¨è¯æ¯ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ç宾è¯ä»å¥ä¸ãå
¶å½¢å¼ç±willæshallçè¿å»å¼wouldæshouldå åå½¢å¨è¯ææãä¾å¦ï¼
He said that he would get married soon. ä»è¯´ä»ä¸ä¹
å°±è¦ç»å©äºã
I asked him when he would come here again. æé®ä»ä½æ¶åå°è¿å¿æ¥ã
ã注ãåä¸è¬å°æ¥æ¶ä¸æ ·ï¼ä¸è¬è¿å»å°æ¥æ¶ä¹æå
¶ä»ç¸åºç表达形å¼ï¼å¦ was (were) going to doçãä¾å¦ï¼
He said that he was going to try again. ä»è¯´ä»è¦åè¯è¯ã
8.5 ç°å¨è¿è¡æ¶ï¼Present Continuous Tenseï¼
ç±beçéå½å½¢å¼(am, is, are) +ç°å¨åè¯ææã主è¦ç¨äºï¼
1. 表示说è¯æ¶ï¼æç°é¶æ®µæ£å¨è¿è¡çå¨ä½æåççæ
åµã
ä¾å¦ï¼
They are making an experiment now. ä»ä»¬æ£å¨è¿è¡ä¸ä¸ªå®éªã
Professor Wang is attending a conference in Paris çæææ£å¨å·´é»åå ä¸ä¸ªä¼è®®ã
2. 表示ä¸ä¸ªæ计åå³å°åççå¨ä½ã
ä½ä»
éç¨å°æ°å¨è¯èä¸å¸¸è·æä¸ä¸ªæ¶é´ç¶è¯ã常è§çè¿ç±»å¨è¯æï¼goï¼comeï¼leaveï¼arriveçãä¾å¦ï¼
He is coming here next week and is staying here until August.
ä»å°å¨ä¸ææå°è¿å¿æ¥ï¼å¹¶ä¸ä¸ç´å¾
å°å
«æã
ã注ã 1ï¼ä¸ç¨äºè¿è¡æ¶æçå¨è¯ï¼Verb Not Used In Continuous Tensesï¼å
æ¬è¡¨ç¤ºæè§ãæ
æãå¿çç¶æãææå
³ç³»ä»¥åç¹å¾çç¶æå¨è¯ä¸è¬ä¸å¯ç¨äºè¿è¡æ¶ï¼ï¼åè§ç¬¬ä¸è®²7.2ï¼ãä¾å¦ï¼
agreeï¼åæï¼ belongï¼å±äºï¼ haveï¼æï¼
loveï¼ç±ï¼ rememberï¼è®°å¾ï¼ wantï¼æ³è¦ï¼
appearï¼å¥½åï¼ seeï¼çè§ï¼ hearï¼å¬è§ï¼
noticeï¼æ³¨æï¼ seemï¼å¥½åï¼ beï¼æ¯ï¼
feelï¼æè§ï¼ knowï¼ç¥éï¼ mindï¼ä»æï¼
thinkï¼è®¤ä¸ºï¼ believeï¼ç¸ä¿¡ï¼ forgetï¼å¿è®°ï¼
likeï¼åæ¬¢ï¼ realizeï¼è®¤è¯å°ï¼ wishï¼å¸æï¼
ç¶èï¼å½è¿é¨åè¯è½¬ä½å
¶ä»ææ使ç¨æ¶ï¼æçå°±å¯ä»¥ç¨äºè¿è¡æ¶æäºã
ä¾å¦ï¼
I am seeing Mary tomorrow. æ天æå°ä¸ç丽ä¼é¢ã
He is thinking about the problem. ä»æ£å¨èèè¿ä¸ªé®é¢ã
2) beçè¿è¡æ¶æ+å¨æ形容è¯ï¼Dynamic Adjectiveï¼ï¼åè§ç¬¬äºè®²å½¢å®¹è¯5.1-2-2)ï¼ææ¶å¯è¡¨ç¤ºå¨æä¸ç¸å¯¹çææ¶å»äººä»¬çæ´»å¨åè¡ä¸ºãä¾å¦ï¼
Iâm just being curious. æåªæ¯æç¹å¥½å¥ã
Mary is being modest now. ç°å¨ç丽åè°¦èèµ·æ¥äºã
3) ä¹ æ¯è¿è¡æ¶ï¼Habitual Continuousï¼
ç°å¨ï¼æè¿å»ï¼è¿è¡æ¶ææ¶å¯ä¸alwaysï¼constantlyï¼foreverçè¯è¿ç¨ï¼å«æææ
è²å½©ï¼å¸¸å¸¸ç¨äºè¡¨ç¤ºæç§ä»¤äººä¸æ¦çæ
åµãä¾å¦ï¼
You are always finding fault with me. ä½ èæ¯ææçæ¯ç
ã
John is forever losing things. 约翰æ»æ¯ä¸¢ä¸è½åçã
8.6 è¿å»è¿è¡æ¶ï¼Past Continuous Tenseï¼
表示è¿å»ææ¶å»ææé¶æ®µæ£å¨è¿è¡çå¨ä½ãè°è¯å½¢å¼ï¼ç±was (were) +ç°å¨åè¯ææãé常æä¸ä¸ªè¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»æ¶é´çç¶è¯ãä¾å¦ï¼
We were talking about you a moment ago. æ们åæè°å°ä½ å¢ã
I was playing the piano when she came in. 她è¿æ¥çæ¶åï¼ææ£å¨å¼¹é¢ç´ã
ã注ãè¿å»è¿è¡æ¶è¿å¸¸å¸¸ç¨äºå¯¹æ
äºä¸æ
èçæè¿°ãä¾å¦ï¼
It was a dark night and a strong wind was blowing.é£æ¯ä¸ä¸ªæ¼é»çå¤æï¼é£å¨å¼å¼å°å®çã
8.7 å°æ¥è¿è¡æ¶ï¼Future Continuous Tenseï¼
è°è¯å½¢å¼ï¼ç±shallæwill + be +ç°å¨åè¯ææã
1. 主è¦è¡¨ç¤ºå¨å°æ¥æä¸æ¶å»ææä¸æ®µæ¶é´æ£å¨è¿è¡çå¨ä½ã
ä¾å¦ï¼
What will you be doing this time tomorrow? æ天è¿ä¸ªæ¶åï¼ä½ å¨å¹²ä»ä¹ï¼
We will be having a meeting from 3 to 4 this afternoon. ä»å¤©ä¸åä¸ç¹å°åç¹ï¼æ们è¦å¼ä¼ã
2. ææ¶ä¹å¯è¡¨ç¤ºé¢æä¸ä¹
å°±è¦åçæå¿å¿
è¦åççå¨ä½ã
ä¾å¦ï¼
I believe heâll be coming soon.ææ³ä»é©¬ä¸å°±ä¼å°çã
I will be seeing a friend off this afternoon. ä»å¤©ä¸åæè¦å»éä¸ä¸ªæåã
8.8 ç°å¨å®ææ¶ï¼Present Perfect Tenseï¼
è°è¯å½¢å¼ï¼ç±haveï¼hasï¼+è¿å»åè¯ææã主è¦æ两个ç¨æ³ï¼
1. 表示è¿å»åççä½å¯¹ç°å¨æå½±åçå¨ä½ã
è¿æ¶ï¼å¯ä»¥ä¸ç¨æ¶é´ç¶è¯ï¼ä¹å¯åä¸äºè¡¨ç¤ºä¸å®è¿å»çæ¶é´ç¶è¯è¿ç¨ï¼å¸¸è§çæalreadyï¼yetï¼neverï¼beforeï¼recentlyï¼justï¼everï¼onceçãä¾å¦ï¼
I have been to Peking many times. æå¤æ¬¡å»è¿å京ã
They have already published the results of their experiments. ä»ä»¬å·²ç»å表äºå®éªçç»æã
2. 表示ä»è¿å»ææ¶é´å¼å§ä¸ç´å»¶ç»å°ç°å¨ï¼å¯è½è¿è¦ç»§ç»ä¸å»ï¼çå¨ä½ã
常ç¨äºå«æ延ç»æä¹çå¨è¯ï¼å¹¶ä¸ä¸è¬è¦è·ä¸ä¸ªè¡¨ç¤ºä¸æ®µæ¶é´çç¶è¯ï¼å¦sinceï¼for two yearsï¼so farï¼in recent yearsçãä¾å¦ï¼
He has lived here since 1949. èªä»1949年以æ¥ï¼ä»ä¸ç´ä½å¨è¿å¿ã
I have studied English for two years. æå¦è±è¯å·²ç»ä¸¤å¹´äºã
ã注ã 1) å«æçéæä¹çå¨è¯ï¼Terminative Verbï¼å¦ï¼beginï¼endï¼dieï¼loseï¼findï¼fallï¼goï¼comeï¼joinçï¼ä»¥åå«æç¬é´æä¹çå¨è¯ï¼Momentary Verbï¼å¦ï¼knockï¼jumpï¼strikeï¼hitçï¼ä¸è½ç¨äºå®ææ¶ç第äºç§ç¨æ³ãï¼åè§ç¬¬ä¸è®²7-2)ä¾å¦ï¼
ä¸å¯è¯´ï¼He has joined the army for ten years.
åºè¯¥è¯´ï¼He has been an armyman for ten years.
æè
说ï¼It is (has been) ten years since he joined the army.
æè
说ï¼He joined the army ten year ago.
è¯æï¼ä»ååå·²ç»æåå¹´äºã
2) It is (has been)... sinceè¿ä¸ç»æä¹å¸¸ç¨äºç°å¨å®ææ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼
It is (= has been) a long time since they last met each other. èªä»ä»ä»¬ä¸æ¬¡è§é¢ä»¥æ¥ï¼å·²æå¾é¿æ¶é´äºã
3) å¨âThis is the first (second) time that... âå¥åä¸ï¼ä»å¥ä¸å¸¸ç¨å®ææ¶æãä¾å¦ï¼
Is this the first time that you have visited Hong Kong? è¿æ¯ä½ 第ä¸æ¬¡åè§é¦æ¸¯åï¼
This is the second time that I have broken a cup this year. è¿æ¯æä»å¹´ç¬¬äºæ¬¡æåè¶æ¯äºã
4) å¨whenåwhereå¼å¯¼ççé®å¥ä¸ï¼ä¸è¬ä¸ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶ï¼âWhere have you been?âé¤å¤ï¼ï¼å 为è¿ç±»å¥å询é®çè¦ç¹å°±æ¯äºæ
åççå
·ä½æ¶é´ååºåãä¾å¦ï¼
----When did you see him? ä½ ä»ä¹æ¶é´çè§ä»çï¼
----I saw him an hour ago. ææ¯ä¸å°æ¶ä»¥åçå°ä»çã
----Where did you buy the book? ä½ å¨åªå¿ä¹°çè¿æ¬ä¹¦ï¼
----I bought the book at our school book store. å¨å¦æ ¡ä¹¦åºä¹°çã
5) ç°å¨å®ææ¶åä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶çåºå«
(1) 两è
é½å¯è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»åçè¿çå¨ä½ï¼ä½æ¯åè
表示çæ¯è¿å»å¨ä½å¯¹ç°å¨çå½±åï¼èåè
åæ¯è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»å¨ä½çäºå®ãè¯æ¯è¾ï¼
He has gone to Peking.ä»å°å京å»äºã ï¼æææ¯äººå·²ä¸å¨è¿éï¼
He went to Beijing (last week). ä»ï¼ä¸ææï¼å°å京å»äºãï¼æææ¯å¨ä½åçå¨ä¸å¨ï¼äººç°å¨æ许已åæ¥ãï¼
(2) 两è
é½å¯è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»å¼å§å¹¶å»¶ç»äºä¸æ®µæ¶é´çå¨ä½ï¼ç°å¨å®ææ¶å«ä¹ä¸ºè¯¥å¨ä½ä»å¨ç»§ç»ï¼èä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶å说æ该å¨ä½ç°æ©å·²ç»æ¢ãè¯æ¯è¾ï¼
My uncle has lived in Rome for four years. æååå¨ç½é©¬ä½äºåå¹´äºãï¼ç°å¨ä»å¨é£å¿ä½ï¼
My uncle lived in Rome for four years. æååå¨ç½é©¬ä½äºåå¹´ãï¼ç°å¨ä¸ä½å¨é£å¿äºï¼
8.9 è¿å»å®ææ¶ï¼Past Perfect Tenseï¼
è°è¯å½¢å¼ï¼ç±had+è¿å»åè¯ææï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¨è¿å»æä¸æ¶å»ä»¥åå·²ç»å®æçå¨ä½ï¼å¸¸ç¨ä¸ä¸ªç±byï¼beforeçä»è¯æè¿è¯å¼å¯¼çã表示å°è¿å»æä¸æ¶é´ä¸ºæ¢çæ¶é´ç¶è¯ãè¿ä¸æ¶æï¼å¸¸ç¨äºå®¾è¯æå®è¯ä»å¥ä¸ãä¾å¦ï¼
John had learned some Chinese before he came to China. 约翰æ¥ä¸å½ä»¥åï¼å¦è¿ä¸äºæ±è¯ã
By the end of last year, I had worked in this college for ten years. å°å»å¹´å¹´åºä¸ºæ¢ï¼æå¨è¿æå¦é¢å·¥ä½å·²æåå¹´äºã
He found the book that he had lost. ä»æ¾å°äºä»ä¸¢å¤±çé£æ¬ä¹¦ã
è¿å»å®ææ¶ä¹å¸¸ç¨å¨âno soonerâ¦thanâï¼åâ hardlyâ¦when (before)âçå¥åç主å¥ä¸ï¼ä»å¥ä¸å¸¸ç¨ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ãâno soonerââhardly (scarcely)â移è³å¥é¦è¡¨ç¤ºå¼ºè°æ¶ï¼è¦æ±ç¨åè£
è¯åºï¼åè§ç¬¬åä¸è®²17.2-2)ãä¾å¦ï¼
(1) We had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.
No sooner had we reached home than it began to rain.
è¯æï¼æ们ä¸å°å®¶ï¼å¤©å°±ä¸é¨äºã
(2) He had hardly entered the office when (before) the phone rang.
Hardly had he entered the office when (before) the phone rang.
è¯æï¼ä»ä¸è¿åå
¬å®¤ï¼çµè¯éå°±åäºã
ã注ãè¿å»å®ææ¶åä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶çåºå«
两è
é½è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»çå¨ä½ï¼ä½æ¯ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºçæ¯ç¸å¯¹äºç°å¨çè¿å»æ¶é´ï¼èè¿å»å®ææ¶è¡¨ç¤ºçæ¯ç¸å¯¹äºè¿å»æä¸æ¶å»çè¿å»ï¼å³è¿å»çè¿å»ã注æä¸è¦å¨æ è¿å»ç¸å¯¹æ¶é´çå¥åé误ç¨è¿å»å®ææ¶ï¼ä¹ä¸è¦å¨æè¿å»ç¸å¯¹æ¶é´çå¥åé误ç¨è¿å»æ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼
é误ï¼They had finished that work yesterday.
æ£ç¡®ï¼They finished that work yesterday.
è¯æï¼ä»ä»¬æ¨å¤©å®æäºé£é¡¹å·¥ä½ã
é误ï¼All delegates arrived before 6 yesterday afternoon.
æ£ç¡®ï¼All delegates had arrived before 6 yesterday afternoon.
è¯æï¼æ¨å¤©ä¸åå
ç¹ä»¥åï¼ææç代表é½å°äºã
8.10 ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶ï¼Present Perfect Continuous Tenseï¼
ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶ç±have (has) + been+ç°å¨åè¯ææï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½ä»è¿å»æä¸æ¶é´å¼å§ï¼ä¸ç´å»¶ç»å°ç°å¨ï¼å¯è½è¿è¦ç»§ç»ä¸å»ï¼é常ä¸è¡¨ç¤ºä¸æ®µæ¶é´çç¶è¯è¿ç¨ï¼å¦ï¼for hoursï¼since this morning...ä¾å¦ï¼
They have been watching television for two hours. ä»ä»¬å·²ç»çäºä¸¤ä¸ªå°æ¶ççµè§äºã
He has been working on this essay since this morning. èªä»ä»å¤©æ©ä¸èµ·ä»ä¸ç´å¨åé£ç¯æç« ã
ã注ã1) ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶åç°å¨å®ææ¶çåºå«
(1) ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶åç°å¨å®ææ¶ç第äºç§ï¼å³è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½å»¶ç»ï¼çç¨æ³ç¸ä¼¼å¹¶å¸¸å¸¸å¯ä»¥äºæ¢ãå®ä»¬çåºå«å¨äºï¼ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶æ¯ç°å¨å®ææ¶æ´å¼ºè°å¨ä½ç延ç»æ§ï¼åè
å¯ä»¥è¯´æ¯åè
ç强è°å½¢å¼ã è¯æ¯è¾ï¼
Weâve been living here for ten years.
Weâve lived here for ten years.
è¯æï¼æ们å¨è¿å¿ä½äºåå¹´äºã
(2) å¨ä¸ç¨æ¶é´ç¶è¯çæ
åµä¸ï¼ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶è¡¨ç¤ºå¨ä½ä»å¨è¿è¡ï¼èç°å¨å®ææ¶å表示å¨ä½å¨è¿å»å·²ç»æãä¾å¦ï¼
The students have been preparing for the exam. ï¼è¿å¨è¿è¡ï¼å¦ç们ä¸ç´å¨åå¤èè¯ã
The students have prepared for the exam. ï¼å·²ç»ç»æï¼å¦ç们对èè¯ä½äºåå¤ã
(3) ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶ä¸è¬ä¸éç¨äºç¶æå¨è¯ï¼Stative Verbï¼ï¼è¦è¡¨ç¤ºç¶æå¨è¯ç延ç»ï¼åªå¯ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶ãä¾å¦ï¼
Theyâve known each other since 1970. ä»1970å¹´èµ·ï¼ä»ä»¬å°±ç¸äºè®¤è¯äºã
He has hoped that he has an opportunity to have collie education. ä»ä¸ç´å¸æææºä¼ä¸å¤§å¦ã
2) ç°å¨å®æè¿è¡æ¶å¨è¿å»åºåä¸çååå½¢å¼æ¯è¿å»å®æè¿è¡æ¶ï¼the Past Perfect Continuous Tenseï¼ãå
¶å½¢å¼ä¸ºï¼had + been + ç°å¨åè¯ãä¾å¦ï¼
She asked me what I had been doing these years. 她é®æè¿äºå¹´å¨å¹²äºä»ä¹ã
They were sweating all over because they had been playing basketball. ä»ä»¬æµèº«æ¯æ±ï¼å 为ä»ä»¬ä¸ç´å¨æ篮çæ¥çã
温馨提示:内容为网友见解,仅供参考
请说说英语时态有哪些?最常用的英语时态?请举例详细说说英语时态在句中...
英语一共有八种时态,分别为:一般现在时,一般将来时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,过去将来时。最常用的有:一般现在时,一般将来时,一般过去时,现在进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时。一般现在时:表示现阶段经常发生的动作或出现的某种状况,也表示客观存在的事实、...
请说说英语时态有哪些?最常用的英语时态?请举例详细说说英语时态在句中...
时态(Tense)是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生时间(Time)和体态(Aspect)。所谓体态是指动作发生的方式或事物所处的状态。英语不同于汉语,表示动作发生在什么时间和以何种体态发生,主要是通过谓语动词形式本身的变化来实现的。英语中,表示动作发生的时间有四种:现在、过去、将来和过去将来;表...
英语的时态有哪些?详细解释!比如一般现在时是\/:,最好有举例
英语时态分为16种:一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时,以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。1. 一般现在时 用法: A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。 C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例:He always helps others. (他总是帮助别人。) D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果...
英文的时态有哪些?八种还是16种?请举例详细说明在句中的用法?
1. 一般现在时,例句: We have six classes every day. 我们每天上六节课。2. 现在进行时,例句:I am playing computer games now.我正在打电脑游戏。3. 现在完成时,例句:She has been to New York twice. 她已经去过纽约两次。4. 现在完成进行时,例句:He has been teaching...
英语时态有哪几种?请具体说说英语时态在句中的用法?
简单的:一般现在时,he goes to school on foot everyday现在进行时,she is swimming一般过去式,he played basketball yesterday一般将来时,they will pay a visit to Beijing next yearthey are going to see a film tonight现在完成时,Bob has just reviewed...
英语有几种时态?分别是哪几种?具体说说请举例在句子的应用?
英语16种时态,你只要先记住八种即可,分成现在四种,过去四种:1.一般现在时\/一般过去时。2. 现在进行时\/过去进行时。3.一般将来时\/过去将来时。4.现在完成时\/过去完成时。说明:1. 根据时间来判定时态。2. 所有时态都表现在谓语动词上。3. 你备一本基础语法,逐一看,或者系统看皆可。4. 常用...
英语的五个基本时态的例子及句型有哪些
时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month…),once a week,on Sundays,etc.基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①am\/is\/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句:①...
请问一下英文时态分别有哪些?具体说说在句中的用法?
谓语形式:由had+过去分词构成,表示在过去某一时刻以前已经完成的动作,常用一个由by,before等介词或连词引导的、表示到过去某一时间为止的时间状语。这一时态,常用于宾语或定语从句中。例如:John had learned some Chinese before he came to China. 约翰来中国以前,学过一些汉语。By the end of ...
英语八大时态的句式结构和用法
英文的8种时态归纳:1. 一般现在时 ①定义;表示经常性的事情,经常性的动作或一般性事实。②时间状语:often,usually,always,every,sometimes,at等等。③结构:只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”,其他用动词的原形。④否定形式:am\/is\/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加...
英语时态有哪些?请详细描述这些时态在句中的应用!请举例!
1.现在进行时-what are you doing now?你现在在干什么?2.过去进行时-what were you doing this time last night?你昨天这个时间在干什么?3.将来进行时-this time tomorrow we'll be flying to paris 明天这个时候我们正乘飞机去巴黎 4.过去将来进行时-he said that he would be waiting for...