CPU英文对照BGA(Ball Grid Array,球状矩阵排列)
CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,
互补金属氧化物半导体 CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,复杂指令集计算机)
COB(Cache on board,板上集成缓存)
COD(Cache on Die,芯片内集成缓存)
CPGA(Ceramic Pin Grid Array,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)
CPU:Center Processing Unit,
中央处理器 EC(Embedded Controller,微型控制器)
FEMMS:Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State,快速进入/退出多媒体状态
FIFO:First Input First Output,先入先出队列
FPU:Float Point Unit,
浮点运算单元 HL-PBGA: 表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状矩阵封装
IA:Intel Architecture,
英特尔架构
ID:identify,鉴别号码
IMM: Intel Mobile Module, 英特尔移动模块
KNI(Katmai New Instructions,Katmai新指令集,即MMX2)
MMX:MultiMedia Extensions,多媒体扩展指令集
NI:Non-Intel,非英特尔
PGA: Pin-Grid Array(引脚网格阵列),耗电大
PSN(Processor Serial numbers,处理器序列号)
PIB: Processor In a Box(盒装处理器)
PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑胶针状矩阵封装)
PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package)
RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,
精简指令集计算机)
SEC: Single Edge Connector,单边连接器
SIMD:Single Instruction Multiple Data,单指令多数据流
SiO2F(Fluorided Silicon Oxide,二氧
氟化硅)
SOI: Silicon-on-insulator,
绝缘体硅片
SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions,单一指令多数据流扩充)
TCP: Tape Carrier Package(薄膜封装),
发热小
TLBs(Translate Look side Buffers,翻译旁视缓冲器)
VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word,超长指令字)
WHQL: Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Lab(
微软公司视窗硬件质量实验室)
AGP: Accelarated Graphic Port(加速图形端口),一种CPU与图形芯片的总线结构
APIC: Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller(高级程序中断控制器)
BGA: Ball Grid Array(球状网格阵列)
BTB/C: Branch Target Buffer/Cache (分支目标缓冲)
CC: Companion Chip(同伴芯片),MediaGX系统的主板芯片组
CISC: Complex Instruction Set Computing(复杂指令结构)
CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor(互补金属氧化物半导体)
CP: Ceramic Package(陶瓷封装)
CPGA: Ceramic Pin Grid Array(陶瓷针脚网格阵列)
CPU: Centerl Processing Unit(中央处理器)
DCT: Display Compression Technology(显示压缩技术)
DIB: Dual Independent Bus(双重独立总线),包括L2cache总线和PTMM(Processer To Main Memory,CPU至主内存)总线
DP: Dual Processing(双处理器)
DX: 指包含数学协处理器的CPU ECC: Error Check Correct(错误检查纠正)
ECRS: Entry Call Return Stack(回叫
堆栈),代替RAM存储返回地址.
EPIC: Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing(清晰平行指令计算),是一 个64位指令集
FPU: Floating-point Processing Unit(
浮点处理单元)
FRC: Functional Redundancy Checking (冗余功能检查,双处理器才有这项特性)
IA: Intel Architecture(英特尔架构)
I/O: Input/Output(输?输出)
IS: Internal Stack(内置堆栈)
ISO/MPEG: International Standard Organization's Moving Picture Expert Group(
国际标准化组织的活动图片专家组)
L1cache: Level1(一级)高速缓存,通常是集成在CPU中的,但现在也有把L2cache 集成在CPU中的设计,如entium2 LB: Linear Burst(线性突发),是Cyrix 6x86采用的特殊技术.
MADD: 乘法-加法指令
MAG: 乘法-累加指令,两浮点相乘后再和另一
浮点数相加,可显著提高3D图形运算速度
MHz: 工作频率的单位兆赫兹(Mega Hertz),1GHz=1000MHz
MIPS: Million Instructions per Second(每秒钟百万条指令),是CPU速度的一个参 数,当然是越大越好
MMX: Multimedia Extensions(这个大家应该很熟悉了,这种CPU有57新的64位指令, 是自386以来的最大变化,另外还有SIMD架构等)
MPGA: Micro PGA,散热和体积都比TCP小
PGA: Pin Grid Array(引脚网格阵列),耗电大,适用用台式机
pin: CPU的针脚 PLL: Phase Lock Loop(阶段锁定)
PR: P-rating,是一种额定性能指数,以Winstone 96测试为基本(PR2用Winstone97), 如PR-75即相当于奔腾75 RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Computing(精简指令结构),是相对于CISC而言的 ROB: Reorder Buffer(重新排序缓冲区)
SC: Static Core(静态内核)
SEC: Single Edge Contact(单边接触盒),是Intel的Pentium2CPU封装盒
Slot 1: Pentium2的主板结构形式,外部总线频率66MHz
Slot 2: Intel下一代芯片插座,处部总线频率达100MHz以上,有更大的SEC,主要用途是 服务器,同时可安装4个CPU SMM: System Management Mode(系统管理模式),是一种节能模式
Socket 7: 奔腾级(经典Pentium和P55C)CPU的插座,外部总线频率83.3MHz
Socket 8: 高能奔腾级CPU的插座,外部总线频率66MHz SP: Scratch Pad(高速暂存区)
SRR: Segment Register Rewrite(区段
寄存器重写)
SRAM: Static Random Access Momory(
静态随机存储器) SUPER-7: 增加形Socket 7,外部总线频率100MHz,AGP,L2/L3cache,PC98,100MHzSDRAM
SX: 指无数学协处理器的CPU
TCP: Tape Carrier Package(薄膜封装),发热小,适用于笔记本式电脑.
TLB: Translation Look side Buffer(翻译旁视缓冲器) VMA: Unified Memory Architecture(统一内存架构),系统内存和显示内存用 Vcc2 为CPU内部磁心提供电压 Vcc3(CLK) 为CPU的输入和输出信号提供电压 VLIW: Very Long Instruction Word(极长指令字) VRE: Voltage Reduction Enhance(增强形电压调节) VSA: Virtual System Architecture(虚拟系统架构) Write-Back(写回): 是L1cache一种工作方式 Write-Though(写通): 是L1cache一种工作方式
CPU
3DNow!(3D no waiting)
ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit,
算术逻辑单元)
AGU(Address Generation Units,地址产成单元)
BGA(Ball Grid Array,球状矩阵排列)
BHT(branch prediction table,分支预测表)
BPU(Branch Processing Unit,分支处理单元)
Brach Pediction(分支预测)
CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互补金属氧化物半导体
CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,复杂指令集计算机)
CLK(Clock Cycle,时钟周期)
COB(Cache on board,板上集成缓存)
COD(Cache on Die,芯片内集成缓存)
CPGA(Ceramic Pin Grid Array,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)
CPU(Center Processing Unit,中央处理器)
Data Forwarding(数据前送)
Decode(指令解码)
DIB(Dual Independent Bus,双独立总线)
EC(Embedded Controller,嵌入式控制器)
Embedded Chips(嵌入式)
EPIC(explicitly parallel instruction code,并行指令代码)
FADD(Floationg Point Addition,浮点加)
FCPGA(Flip Chip Pin Grid Array,反转芯片针脚栅格阵列)
FDIV(Floationg Point Divide,浮点除)
FEMMS:Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State,快速进入/退出多媒体状态
FFT(fast Fourier transform,快速热欧姆转换)
FID(FID:Frequency identify,频率鉴别号码)
FIFO(First Input First Output,先入先出队列)
flip-chip(芯片反转)
FLOP(Floating Point Operations Per Second,浮点操作/秒)
FMUL(Floationg Point Multiplication,浮点乘)
FPU(Float Point Unit,浮点运算单元)
FSUB(Floationg Point Subtraction,浮点减)
GVPP(Generic Visual Perception Processor,常规视觉处理器)
HL-PBGA: 表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状矩阵封装
IA(Intel Architecture,英特尔架构)
ICU(Instruction Control Unit,指令控制单元)
ID:identify,鉴别号码
IDF(Intel Developer Forum,英特尔开发者论坛)
IEU(Integer Execution Units,整数执行单元)
IMM: Intel Mobile Module, 英特尔移动模块
Instructions Cache,指令缓存
Instruction Coloring(指令分类)
IPC(Instructions Per Clock Cycle,指令/时钟周期)
ISA(instruction set architecture,指令集架构)
KNI(Katmai New Instructions,Katmai新指令集,即SSE)
Latency(潜伏期)
LDT(Lightning Data Transport,闪电数据传输总线)
Local Interconnect(局域互连)
MESI(Modified, Exclusive, Shared, Invalid:修改、排除、共享、废弃)
MMX(MultiMedia Extensions,多媒体扩展指令集)
MMU(Multimedia Unit,多媒体单元)
MFLOPS(Million Floationg Point/Second,每秒百万个浮点操作)
MHz(Million Hertz,兆赫兹)
MP(Multi-Processing,多重处理器架构)
MPS(MultiProcessor Specification,多重处理器规范)
MSRs(Model-Specific Registers,特别模块寄存器)
NAOC(no-account OverClock,无效超频)
NI:Non-Intel,非英特尔
OLGA(Organic Land Grid Array,基板栅格阵列)
OoO(Out of Order,乱序执行)
PGA: Pin-Grid Array(引脚网格阵列),耗电大
Post-RISC
PR(Performance Rate,性能比率)
PSN(Processor Serial numbers,处理器序列号)
PIB(Processor In a Box,盒装处理器)
PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑胶针状矩阵封装)
PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package,塑料方块平面封装)
RAW(Read after Write,写后读)
Register Contention(抢占寄存器)
Register Pressure(寄存器不足)
Register Renaming(寄存器重命名)
Remark(芯片频率重标识)
Resource contention(资源冲突)
Retirement(指令引退)
RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,精简指令集计算机)
SEC: Single Edge Connector,单边连接器
Shallow-trench isolation(浅槽隔离)
SIMD(Single Instruction Multiple Data,单指令多数据流)
SiO2F(Fluorided Silicon Oxide,二氧氟化硅)
SMI(System Management Interrupt,系统管理中断)
SMM(System Management Mode,系统管理模式)
SMP(Symmetric Multi-Processing,对称式多重处理架构)
SOI: Silicon-on-insulator,绝缘体硅片
SONC(System on a chip,系统集成芯片)
SPEC(System Performance Evaluation Corporation,系统性能评估测试)
SQRT(Square Root Calculations,平方根计算)
SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions,单一指令多数据流扩展)
Superscalar(超标量体系结构)
TCP: Tape Carrier Package(薄膜封装),发热小
Throughput(吞吐量)
TLB(Translate Look side Buffers,翻译旁视缓冲器)
USWC(Uncacheabled Speculative Write Combination,无缓冲随机联合写操作)
VALU(Vector Arithmetic Logic Unit,向量算术逻辑单元)
VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word,超长指令字)
VPU(Vector Permutate Unit,向量排列单元)
VPU(vector processing units,向量处理单元,即处理MMX、SSE等SIMD指令的地方)