初中英语需要掌握的主谓一致——语法主谓一致（写下需要注意的关联词等等）

Answer 1

有关"主谓一致"的试题，在近几年的中考英语试题中以多种形式出现。如：单项选择、单句改错、短文改错、同义句转换、时态填空等，题型多样。不少学生对此类试题迷惑不解，望而生畏，不知从何下手。为了使同学们掌握它，现对初中英语中"主谓一致"的问题，归纳总结如下：

　　一、最基本的"主谓一致"规则

　　初中课本中最基本的"主谓一致"规则是："单则单，复则复"，即主语为单数时，谓语动词也用相应的单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词也用相应的复数形式。例如：I am a teacher. We are teachers.

　　但要注意：当表示时间、长度、距离、金钱、度量等词组作主语时，常将其看作是一个整体，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：Two years is quite a long time. Ten dollars is enough.另外，加减乘除也常当作整体对待，谓语动词也用单数形式。例如：Forty-one plus fifty-nine is one hundred. How much is ninety-nine minus sixty-two?

　　二、集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的使用

　　family, class, team等集体名词作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；但若指其成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The family is very big. Their family are watching TV now.

　　三、neither... nor..., either...or..., not...but...，not only... but also...等连词连接两个主语时，谓语动词的使用

　　这些连词连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。例如：Neither he nor I know anything about it. Not only the students but also the teacher has visited the museum.

　　there be…结构也属于此类。例如：There is a teacher?蒺s desk, a blackboard, some desks and some chairs in the classroom.但要注意：both…and…表示"……和……都"，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Both his father and mother are doctors.

　　四、两个主语用and连接时，谓语动词的使用

　　and连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Mary and Helen are good friends.但要注意：and连接的两个名词只表示一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：A singer and dancer is coming.一个歌手兼舞蹈家就要来了。

　　五、politics, physics, works, the United States, news, maths等词作主语时，谓语动词的使用

　　这类形式上为复数，意义上却是单数的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The news is very exciting. Physics is a bit difficult for me.但要注意有些名词，如：people(人；人们), police等则是形式为单数，意义是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：People there are very friendly.

　　六、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词的使用

　　1. something, everything, anything, nothing, everybody, anybody, nobody, everyone, anyone等复合不定代词，以及either, neither(neither of), each (each of), each one, no one, another等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Neither of the answers is right. Something is wrong with my computer.

　　2. both, few, a few, many, several, others作主语，或它们所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：A few people can live to 100, but few can live to 150. Both of them are in my class.

　　七、with, as well as, like等修饰的单数名词作主语，谓语动词的使用

　　单数名词作主语，且后面有with, as well as, like等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The teacher with his students has gone to the library. Is the woman like you your mother? The instrument as well as other spare parts is going to be airlifted soon. (该仪器以及其它一些备用件不久将空运。)

　　八、动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词的使用

　　动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：To eat in a fast food restaurant is cheap and saves time. Climbing hills is good exercise. What interests the workers most is better wages and working conditions. (工人们最关注的是好的工资待遇和工作条件。)

Answer 2

主谓一致是指：
　　1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
　　2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
　　3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，
　　一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。2 主谓一致中的就近原则
　　1) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
　　There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
　　There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
　　2）当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 Either you or she is to go.
　　Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.
　　3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
　　当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
　　The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
　　He as well as I wants to go boating.
1） 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。
　　Most of his money is spent on books.
　　Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.
　　2） 在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
　　Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。
　　More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市

Answer 3

附件为奥风英语《中考语法完全突破》主谓一致部分，梳理的很全面，条理清晰，一目了然。