"make"的几种用法分别是啥？

Question

（详细，具体）

Answer 1

make [meik]
v.做, 制造, 使得, 赚（钱）, 成功, 达成
n.性格, 式样, 制造, 生产量
例句:
The stone made a dent in the roof of my car.
我的汽车顶让石头砸了个坑。
I couldn't make my car start this morning.
今天早晨我的汽车发动不起来了。
She would have made an excellent teacher.
她本可以成为杰出的教师。
讲解:
【词源解说】
直接源自古英语的macian；最初源自西日耳曼语的makojanan。
【语法用法】
make后接不定式时的用法：用在make+宾语+动词的不定式中时，动词前面不能加to，这时是“使、让某人（或某物）做”的意思。
I made her cry.
我让她哭了。
make在被动用法中，动词前必须要加上to。
She is made to repeat the whole story.
她被要求重述一遍整个故事。
但是如果make是单纯“制造”的意思，to不能省略。
He made our shoes to last.
他把我们的鞋做的结实耐穿。
另外，在谤语里make的宾语后面的不定式的to也不可省略。
Money makes the mare to go.
有钱能使鬼推磨。
make 1
/ meɪk; mek/ v (pt, pp made / meɪd; med/)
CONSTRUCTING OR CREATING 建造或创造
(a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (from/(out) of sth); ~ sth (for sb) construct, create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together （用材料或零件）做﹑ 制作﹑ 制造﹑ 建造或创造某物: make a car, a dress, a cake 制造汽车﹑ 做连衣裙﹑ 做蛋糕 * make bread, cement, wine 做面包﹑ 制水泥﹑ 酿葡萄酒 * make (ie manufacture) paper 造纸 * God made man. 上帝创造了人类. * She makes her own clothes. 她的衣服都是她自己做的. * Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是用葡萄酿制的. * `What is your bracelet made of?' `It's made of gold.' ‘你的镯子是什麽材料做的?’‘是金的.’ * I made myself a cup of tea. 我自己沏了一杯茶. * She made coffee for all of us. 她给我们大家煮了咖啡. * This car wasn't made (ie is not big enough) to carry eight people. 这辆汽车不是坐八个人的. (b) [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sth into sth put (materials or parts) together to produce sth 将（材料或零件）做成或制成某物: Glass is made into bottles. 玻璃可制成瓶子. (c) [Tn] arrange (a bed) so that it is ready for use 铺（床）: Please make your beds before breakfast. 请在早饭前把床铺好.
[Tn, Tn.pr] cause (sth) to appear by breaking, tearing, removing material or striking （藉打破﹑ 撕破﹑ 移去材料或敲击）使（某物）出现, 形成: The stone made a dent in the roof of my car. 我的汽车顶让石头砸了个坑. * The holes in the cloth were made by moths. 布上的洞是虫子蛀的.
[Tn] create (sth); establish 制定（某事物）; 规定: These regulations were made to protect children. 这些规则是为保护儿童而制定的. * Who made this ridiculous rule? 这条荒唐的规则是谁定的?
[Tn] write, compose or prepare (sth) 写, 创作, 准备（某事物）: make one's will 立遗嘱 * make a treaty with sb 与某人签订协议 * She has made (ie directed) several films. 她已导演了几部影片. * I'll ask my solicitor to make a deed of transfer. 我要找律师拟一份让据书.
CAUSING TO BECOME, DO OR APPEAR 使变为..., 做...或显得...
[Tn] cause (sth) 产生, 引起（某事物）: make a noise, disturbance, mess 产生噪音﹑ 骚乱﹑ 混乱 * She's always making trouble (for her friends). 她总（给朋友）惹麻烦.
[Cn.a] cause (sb/sth) to be or become 使（某人[某事物]）成为, 变为, 变成, 变得: The news made her happy. 这消息使她很高兴. * She made clear her objections/made it clear that she objected to the proposal. 她明确表示反对此提案. * His actions made him universally respected. 他的行为使他受到普遍尊敬. * Can you make yourself understood in English? 你能用英语把意思表达清楚吗? * The full story was never made public. 详情从未公之於众. * She couldn't make herself/her voice heard above the noise of the traffic. 来往车辆噪声很大, 她无法让别人听到她的声音.
[Cn.i] (a) force or compel (sb) to do sth 强迫, 迫使（某人）做某事物: They made me repeat/I was made to repeat the story. 他们逼我又把那事讲了一遍. * She must be made to comply with the rules. 必须强迫她遵守这些规则. * He never tidies his room and his mother never tries to make him (do it). 他从不整理自己的房间, 而他母亲也从未想逼他（整理）. =>Usage at cause 用法见cause. (b) cause (sb/sth) to do sth 使（某人[某事物]）做某事物: Onions make your eyes water. 洋葱能刺激眼睛流泪. * Her jokes made us all laugh. 她说的笑话把我们都逗乐了. * I couldn't make my car start this morning. 今天早晨我的汽车发动不起来了. * What makes you say that? 是什麽原因让你说出那种话来? * I rang the doorbell several times but couldn't make anyone hear. 我摁了几次门铃, 但没人应. * Nothing will make me change my mind. 无论什麽事都不能使我改变主意.
[Cn.a, Cn.n, Cn.i] represent (sb/sth) as being or doing sth 使（某人[某事物]）表现出某状况: You've made my nose too big, eg in a drawing or painting. 你把我的鼻子画得太大了. * The novelist makes his heroine commit suicide at the end of the book. 那小说作者在书的结尾让他的女主人公自杀了.
[Cn.n] elect (sb); appoint 选举（某人）; 指派: make sb king, an earl, a peer, etc 拥戴某人当国王﹑封某人为伯爵﹑ 封某人为贵族 * He was made spokesmanby the committee. 委员会派他当发言人. * She made him her assistant. 她委派他作自己的助手.
[Tn.pr, Cn.n] ~ sth of sb/sth cause sb/sth to be or become sth 使某人[某事物]处於某状况或变成某事物: We'll make a footballer of him yet, ie turn him into a good footballer despite the fact that he is not a good one now. 我们还是要把他造就成优秀的足球运动员（虽然他现在还不是）. * This isn't very important I don't want to make an issue of it. 这并不十分重要--我不想使其成为争论之点. * Don't make a habit of it/Don't make it a habit. 不要养成那样的习惯. * She made it her business (ie special task) to find out who was responsible. 她非要弄清是谁的责任不可.
BEING OR BECOMING SOMETHING 成为...或变为...
[Ln] be or become (sth) through development; turn out to be 演变成（某事物）; 结果是: If you train hard, you'll make a good footballer. 你要刻苦训练就能成为优秀的足球运动员. * He'll never make an actor. 他决当不成演员. * She would have made an excellent teacher. 她本可以成为杰出的教师.
[Ln] serve or function as (sth); constitute 用作（某事物）; 起（某事物）的作用; 组成; 构成: That will make a good ending to the book. 那就成了这本书很好的结尾. * This hall would make an excellent theatre. 这座大厅可当作极好的剧院.
[Ln] add up to (sth); equal; amount to; constitute 合计等於（某数）; 总计; 构成: 5 and 7 make 12. 5加7等於12. * A hundred pence make one pound. 一百便士为一镑. * How many members make a quorum? 起码的法定人数是多少? * His thrillers make enthralling reading. 他的惊险小说引人入胜. * The play makes a splendid evening's entertainment. 这出剧是极好的晚间消遣.
[Ln] count as (sth) 算做（某事物）: That makes the tenth time he's failed his driving test! 他驾驶测验不及格, 这次算第十次了!
GAINING OR WINNING 获得或赢得
[Tn] earn (sth); gain; acquire 赚得（某事物）; 获得; 取得: She makes 15000 a year. 她一年挣15000英镑. * make a profit/loss 盈利[亏损] * He made a fortune on the stock market. 他在股票交易中发了财. * How much do you stand to make? 你决计要赚多少钱?
[Tn] (in cricket) score (sth) （在板球中）得（若干）分: England made 235 for 5. 英格兰队5名击球手共得235分. * Botham made a century. 博瑟姆得了一百分.
(in card games, esp bridge 用於牌戏, 尤於桥牌中) (a) [Tn] win a trick with (a particular card) 打（某张牌）赢一墩: She made her ten of hearts. 她打出红桃十赢了一墩. (b) [Tn] win (a trick) or fulfil (a contract) 赢（一墩）; 完成（一定约墩数的约定）. (c) [I, Tn] shuffle (the cards) 洗（牌）: It's my turn to make. 该我洗牌了.
[Tn] (sl sexist 俚, 性别偏见) succeed in having sex with (a woman) 与（某女子）性交: The guy doesn't make the girl until the last chapter. 直到最後一章那个男子才和那个姑娘发生了性关系.
OTHER MEANINGS 其他意义
[no passive 不用於被动语态: Cn.a, Cn.n, Cn.t] calculate or estimate (sth) to be (sth) 计算, 估计（某事物）: What time do you make it?/What do you make the time? 你说现在几点了? * How large do you make the audience? 你估计听众有多少? * I make the total (to be) about 50. 我看总数大约50英镑. * I make the distance about 70 miles. 我估计那段距离约有70英里.
[Tn no passive 不用於被动语态] (a) travel over (a distance) 走过（一段距离）: We've made 100 miles today. 我们今天已走了100英里. (b) reach or maintain (a speed) 达到, 保持（某速度）: Can your car make a hundred miles per hour? 你的汽车一小时能开一百英里吗? (c) manage to reach (a place) 设法到达（某处）: D'you think we'll make Oxford by midday? 我们中午能到牛津吗? * The train leaves in five minutes we'll never make it, ie reach the station in time to catch it. 火车再有五分钟就开了--我们绝对赶不上了. * I'm sorry I couldn't make your party last night. 很抱歉, 昨晚我没能参加你们的聚会. * Her new novel has made (ie sold enough copies to be in) the best-seller lists. 她的新小说已列入畅销书目了. * She'll never make (ie win a place in) the team. 她绝对进不了那个运动队. * He made (ie reached the rank of) sergeant in six months. 他六个月後就当上了中士. * The story made (ie appeared on) the front page of the national newspapers. 这件事刊登在全国各报的第一版上.
[Tn, Dn.n] put (sth) forward; propose; offer 提出（某事）; 提议; 提供: Has she made you an offer (ie said how much money she would pay you) for your car? 她说过她愿出多少钱买你的汽车吗? * make a proposal 提出建议 * The employers made a new offer (ie of a rise in wages) to the work-force. 雇主向工人提出增加工资的新建议. * I made him a bid for the antique table. 我向他出了个价, 要买那张古董桌子.
[Tn] cause or ensure the success of (sth) 促成, 确保（某事）: A good wine can make a meal. 有了好酒饭就香. * It was the beautiful weather that really made the holiday. 是好天气成全了假日之美.
[It] behave as if one is about to do sth 表现出要做某事物的样子: He made as if to strike her. 他做出要打她的架势. * She made to go but he told her to stay. 她好像要走, 但他叫她留下.
eat or have (a meal) 吃（饭）; 进（餐）: We make a good breakfast before leaving. 我们动身前好好吃顿早饭. * She made a hasty lunch. 她匆匆吃了午饭.
(Often used in a pattern with a n, in which make and the n have the same meaning as a v similar in spelling to the n 常用於与名词连用的句型中, 其中make和名词之组合与该名词相应之动词同义, 如 make a decision, 即 decide; make a guess (at sth), 即 guess (at sth); for other expressions of this kind, see entries for ns 查阅类似词组见有关名词词条)
(idm 习语) make do with sth; make (sth) `do manage with sth that is not really adequate or satisfactory 用某事物勉强应付; 将就; 凑合: We were in a hurry so we had to make do with a quick snack. 我们时间很紧, 只好胡乱吃了顿小吃. * There isn't much of it but you'll have to make (it) do. 东西不多, 你只好将就了. make `good become rich and successful 变富; 获得成功: a local boy made good, eg as a businessman 一个发迹的本地男子. make sth good (a) pay for, replace or repair sth that has been lost or damaged 赔偿﹑ 替换或修理损坏之物: She promised to make good the loss. 她答应赔偿损失. * make good the damage 修复损坏之物 * The plaster will have to be made good before you paint it. 要先重新抹好灰泥再刷浆. (b) carry sth out; fulfil sth 履行某事; 实现某事: make good a promise, threat, etc 履行诺言﹑ 进行威胁. `make it (infml 口) be successful in one's career 事业上获得成功: He's never really made it as an actor. 他当演员从未有所成就. make the most of sth/sb/oneself profit as much as one can from sth/sb/oneself 从某事物[某人/自己]处获取尽可能多的好处: make the most of one's chances, opportunities, talents, etc 充分利用时机﹑ 机会﹑ 才能等 * It's my first holiday for two years so I'm going to make the most of it. 这是我两年来的第一个假日, 所以要好好利用一下. * She really tries to make the most of herself, eg by dressing well. 她确实想尽量发挥自己的优势（如穿着漂亮）. make much of sth/sb (a) (in negative sentences and questions 用於否定句和疑问句) understand sth 理解某事物: I couldn't make much of his speech it was all in Russian. 他的演讲我大部分都听不懂--全是用俄语讲的. (b) treat sth/sb as very important; stress or emphasize sth 非常重视某事物[某人]; 强调某事物: He always makes much of his humble origins. 他总强调自己出身卑微. * She was always made much of by her adoring friends. 她的朋友总是那麽崇拜她. make nothing of sth easily achieve sth that appears to be difficult; treat sth as trifling 轻易做好貌似困难之事; 对某事物满不在乎. make or break sb/sth be crucial in making sb/sth either a success or a failure 为某人[某事物]成败的关键: The council's decision will make or break the local theatre. 政务委员会将要决定当地剧院的命运. * [attrib 作定语] It's make-or-break time for the local theatre. 这是当地剧院存亡攸关的时刻. (For other idioms containing make, see entries for ns, adjs, etc 查阅与make搭配的其他习语, 见有关名词﹑ 形容词等的词条, 如 make love => love1; make merry => merry. )

Answer 2

Make用法一览
动词make的用法比较复杂重要，不易掌握。归纳起来，主要有以下一些用法：

1．make+名词（代词）+动词不定式短语，-ed分词短语，介词短语，名词短语，形容词或形容词短语。如：
She made all of us laugh. 她使得我们都笑
注意：不定式短语在主动结构中作宾语补足语时，不带to；但在被动结构中作主语补足语时，不定式短语则必须带to。如：
we were made to laugh by her.

Filth and high prices have combined to make London and other cities depressing places to live in．
污秽和物价上涨使伦敦和其他城市成了令人压抑的地方。
We should make these materials of most value．
我们必须使这些材料变得很有价值。
It was the determination that made life worth living for so many honest people．
正是这种决心使许多正直的人生活得有意义。

2．make+形容词（短语）+名词短语是一种倒装结构。为使句子结构保持平衡，通常将较长的名词短语移置补足语之后，不加引导词汇作形式宾语。如：
The telescope made possible the observation of the far-off stars．
望远镜使人们能够观察遥远的星球。

在现代英语中能够用于这一结构中的形容词越来越多。又如：
The primary aim of every punctuation mark is to make unmistakable the meaning of written words．
写作时应用标点符号的基本目的，是使所用词语的意义不致被误解。

3．make+it+形容词+不定式短语（从句）不定式短语或从句作宾语时，需移置宾语补语之后，在原来宾语的位置上用引导词it作形式宾语，从而使句子保持平衡。如:
In order to make it easier for people to use computers，languages for writing programs have been devised．
为使人们易于使用计算机，便设计出了编写程序的语言。
The company made it questionable whether the equipment should be employed at all．
这家公司对到底该不该使用这台设备产生了怀疑

4. make 构成的一些固定搭配
make faces 做鬼脸
make friends 交朋友
make cakes 做蛋糕
make noises 制造噪音
make paper 造纸
make money 赚钱
make yourself at home 请自便
make oneself understood 使别人理解
make progress 取得进步
make up 编造/化妆/整理/备用

To put together; construct or compose:
整理；建立或捏造：
make up a prescription.
开一个药方
To constitute; form:
构成；组成：
One hundred years make up a century.
一百年构成一个世纪
To alter one's appearance for a role on the stage, as with a costume and cosmetics.
化妆：为在舞台上的角色而改变某人的外表，例如用服装或化妆品
To apply cosmetics.
用化妆品化妆
To devise as a fiction or falsehood; invent:
捏造，编造：杜撰小说或谎话；捏造：
made up an excuse.
编造借口
To make good (a deficit or lack):
弥补：弥补（赤字或不足）：
made up the difference in the bill.
弥补了帐单上的差额
To compensate for:
补偿：
make up the lost time.
补足失去的时间
To resolve a quarrel:
和好：平息一场争吵：
kissed and made up.
亲吻和好
To make ingratiating or fawning overtures. Used withto :
献殷勤，巴结：提出献殷勤或讨好的建议。和to 连用：
made up to his friend's boss.
向他朋友的老板献殷勤
To take (an examination or a course) again or at a later time because of previous absence or failure.
补考，补课：因为以前缺席或不及格在一段时间后再考或再上课
To set in order:
整理，收拾：
make up a room.
把房间收拾好
Printing To select and arrange material for:
【印刷术】 排版，整版：
made up the front page.

为封面排版
]
make up for
make sure
make use of
be made of/ from
be made in
be made into
be made up of
be made after