C语言课程设计任务——学生成绩统计程序设计

Question

主要用结构体数组实现，结构中包含学生数据为：学号、姓名、物理分数、数学分数、外语分数、计算机分数。设计各个函数，分别实现以下功能：
(1）各种基本数据的录入：输入学生数据；
(2) 修改：允许对已经录入的数据重新进行编辑、修改；
(3）删除：删除指定的学生信息（输入姓名，若找到则删除该信息）
(4) 显示：所有学生信息；
(5）统计：统计每科的最高分、最低分；输出不及格人数、不及格学生的数据。
(6) 排序：可以对所有学生按某一门成绩排序后输出学生名单。
(7）查询：输入学生姓名，显示该学生的全部信息；
(8) 退出程序。
设计菜单，通过选择菜单调用以上各函数；

Answer 1

#include<stdio.h> /*引用库函数*/
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<string.h>
typedef struct /*定义结构体数组*/
{
char num[10]; /*学号*/
char name[20]; /*姓名*/
int score; /*成绩*/
}Student;
Student stu[80]; /*结构体数组变量*/
int menu_select() /*菜单函数*/
{
char c;
do{
system("cls"); /*运行前清屏*/
printf("\t\t****Students' Grade Management System****\n"); /*菜单选择*/
printf("\t\t | 1. Input Records |\n");
printf("\t\t | 2. Display All Records |\n");
printf("\t\t | 3. Sort |\n");
printf("\t\t | 4. Insert a Record |\n");
printf("\t\t | 5. Delete a Record |\n");
printf("\t\t | 6. Query |\n");
printf("\t\t | 7. Statistic |\n");
printf("\t\t | 8. Add Records from a Text File|\n");
printf("\t\t | 9. Write to a Text file |\n");
printf("\t\t | 0. Quit |\n");
printf("\t\t*****************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\tGive your Choice(0-9):");
c=getchar(); /*读入选择*/
}while(c<'0'||c>'9');
return(c-'0'); /*返回选择*/
}
int Input(Student stud[],int n) /*输入若干条记录*/
{int i=0;
char sign,x[10]; /*x[10]为清除多余的数据所用*/
while(sign!='n'&&sign!='N') /*判断*/
{ printf("\t\t\tstudent's num:"); /*交互输入*/
scanf("\t\t\t%s",stud[n+i].num);
printf("\t\t\tstudent's name:");
scanf("\t\t\t%s",stud[n+i].name);
printf("\t\t\tstudent's score:");
scanf("\t\t\t%d",&stud[n+i].score);
gets(x); /*清除多余的输入*/
printf("\t\t\tany more records?(Y/N)");
scanf("\t\t\t%c",&sign); /*输入判断*/
i++;
}
return(n+i);
}
void Display(Student stud[],int n) /*显示所有记录*/
{
int i;
printf("\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n"); /*格式头*/
printf("\t\t\tnumber name score\n");
printf("\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
for(i=1;i<n+1;i++) /*循环输入*/
{
printf("\t\t\t%-16s%-15s%d\n",stud[i-1].num,stud[i-1].name,stud[i-1].score);
if(i>1&&i%10==0) /*每十个暂停*/
{printf("\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n"); /*格式*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
printf("\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
}
}
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
}
void Sort_by_num(Student stud[],int n) /*按学号排序*/
{ int i,j,*p,*q,s;
char t[10];
for(i=0;i<n-1;i++) /*冒泡法排序*/
for(j=0;j<n-1-i;j++)
if(strcmp(stud[j].num,stud[j+1].num)>0)
{strcpy(t,stud[j+1].num);
strcpy(stud[j+1].num,stud[j].num);
strcpy(stud[j].num,t);
strcpy(t,stud[j+1].name);
strcpy(stud[j+1].name,stud[j].name);
strcpy(stud[j].name,t);
p=&stud[j+1].score;
q=&stud[j].score;
s=*p;
*p=*q;
*q=s;
}
}
int Insert_a_record(Student stud[],int n) /*插入一条记录*/
{char x[10]; /*清除多余输入所用*/
printf("\t\t\tstudent's num:"); /*交互式输入*/
scanf("\t\t\t%s",stud[n].num);
printf("\t\t\tstudent's name:");
scanf("\t\t\t%s",stud[n].name);
printf("\t\t\tstudent's score:");
scanf("\t\t\t%d",&stud[n].score);
gets(x);
n++;
Sort_by_num(stud,n); /*调用排序函数*/
printf("\t\t\tInsert Successed!\n"); /*返回成功信息*/
return(n);
}
int Delete_a_record(Student stud[],int n) /*按姓名查找，删除一条记录*/
{ char s[20];
int i=0,j;
printf("\t\t\ttell me his(her) name:"); /*交互式问寻*/
scanf("%s",s);
while(strcmp(stud[i].name,s)!=0&&i<n) i++; /*查找判断*/
if(i==n)
{ printf("\t\t\tnot find!\n"); /*返回失败信息*/
return(n);
}
for(j=i;j<n-1;j++) /*删除操作*/
{
strcpy(stud[j].num,stud[j+1].num);
strcpy(stud[j].name,stud[j+1].name);
stud[j].score=stud[j+1].score;
}
printf("\t\t\tDelete Successed!\n"); /*返回成功信息*/
return(n-1);
}
void Query_a_record(Student stud[],int n) /*查找并显示一个记录*/
{ char s[20];
int i=0;
printf("\t\t\tinput his(her) name:"); /*交互式输入*/
scanf("\t\t\t%s",s);
while(strcmp(stud[i].name,s)!=0&&i<n) i++; /*查找判断*/
if(i==n)
{ printf("\t\t\tnot find!\n"); /*输入失败信息*/
return;

}
printf("\t\t\this(her) number:%s\n",stud[i].num); /*输出该学生信息*/
printf("\t\t\this(her) score:%d\n",stud[i].score);
}
void Statistic(Student stud[],int n) /*新增功能，输出统计信息*/
{ int i,j=0,k=0,sum=0;
float aver; /*成绩平均值*/
for(i=0;i<n;i++) /*循环输入判断*/
{
sum+=stud[i].score;
if(stud[j].score>stud[i].score) j=i;
if(stud[k].score<stud[i].score) k=i;
}
aver=1.0*sum/n;
printf("\t\t\tthere are %d records.\n",n); /*总共记录数*/
printf("\t\t\tthe hignest score:\n"); /*最高分*/
printf("\t\t\tnumber:%s name:%s score:%d\n",stud[j].num,stud[j].name,stud[j].score);
printf("\t\t\tthe lowest score:\n"); /*最低分*/
printf("\t\t\tnumber:%s name:%s score:%d\n",stud[k].num,stud[k].name,stud[k].score);
printf("\t\t\tthe average score is %5.2f\n",aver); /*平均分*/
}
int AddfromText(Student stud[],int n) /*从文件中读入数据*/
{ int i=0,num;
FILE *fp; /*定义文件指针*/
char filename[20]; /*定义文件名*/
printf("\t\t\tInput the filename:");
scanf("\t\t\t%s",filename); /*输入文件名*/
if((fp=fopen(filename,"rb"))==NULL) /*打开文件*/
{ printf("\t\t\tcann't open the file\n"); /*打开失败信息*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
return(n);
}
fscanf(fp,"%d",&num); /*读入总记录量*/
while(i<num) /*循环读入数据*/
{
fscanf(fp,"%s%s%d",stud[n+i].num,stud[n+i].name,&stud[n+i].score);
i++;
}
n+=num;
fclose(fp); /*关闭文件*/
printf("\t\t\tSuccessed!\n");
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
return(n);
}
void WritetoText(Student stud[],int n) /*将所有记录写入文件*/
{
int i=0;
FILE *fp; /*定义文件指针*/
char filename[20]; /*定义文件名*/
printf("\t\t\tWrite Records to a Text File\n"); /*输入文件名*/
printf("\t\t\tInput the filename:");
scanf("\t\t\t%s",filename);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"w"))==NULL) /*打开文件*/
{
printf("\t\t\tcann't open the file\n");
system("pause");
return;
}
fprintf(fp,"%d\n",n); /*循环写入数据*/
while(i<n)
{
fprintf(fp,"%-16s%-15s%d\n",stud[i].num,stud[i].name,stud[i].score);
i++;
}
fclose(fp); /*关闭文件*/
printf("Successed!\n"); /*返回成功信息*/
}
void main() /*主函数*/
{
int n=0;
for(;;)
{
switch(menu_select()) /*选择判断*/
{
case 1:
printf("\t\t\tInput Records\n"); /*输入若干条记录*/
n=Input(stu,n);
break;
case 2:
printf("\t\t\tDisplay All Records\n"); /*显示所有记录*/
Display(stu,n);
break;
case 3:
printf("\t\t\tSort\n");
Sort_by_num(stu,n); /*按学号排序*/
printf("\t\t\tSort Suceessed!\n");
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 4:
printf("\t\t\tInsert a Record\n");
n=Insert_a_record(stu,n); /*插入一条记录*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 5:
printf("\t\t\tDelete a Record\n");
n=Delete_a_record(stu,n); /*按姓名查找，删除一条记录*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 6:
printf("\t\t\tQuery\n");
Query_a_record(stu,n); /*查找并显示一个记录*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 7:
printf("\t\t\tStatistic\n");
Statistic(stu,n); /*新增功能，输出统计信息*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 8:
printf("\t\t\tAdd Records from a Text File\n");
n=AddfromText(stu,n); /*新增功能，输出统计信息*/
break;
case 9:
printf("\t\t\tWrite to a Text file\n");
WritetoText(stu,n); /*循环写入数据*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
break;
case 0:
printf("\t\t\tHave a Good Luck,Bye-bye!\n"); /*结束程序*/
printf("\t\t\t");
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
}
}
这个我想就是你要的程序,具体功能跟你说的差不多

Answer 2

写的好长啊...慢慢看哦..有什么问题的话就Q我369370398
#include <iostream.h>
#include<iomanip.h>
#include <string.h>
void sort( char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[]);
void insert( char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[]);
void disp(char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[]);
void record(char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[]);
void del(char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[]);
int n=0;
void main()
{ char m; //若定义为整型，则选择时按了字符键，总有死循环发生；
char xh[20][20],xm[20][20];
float s[20];
cout<<" 简易学生信息管理系统\n"<<endl;
do{

cout<<"*****系统功能菜单*****"<<endl;
cout<<"______________________"<<endl;

cout<<"1. 录入学生信息"<<endl;
cout<<"2. 按成绩排序"<<endl;
cout<<"3. 增加学生信息"<<endl;
cout<<"4. 按学号删除信息"<<endl;
cout<<"5. 显示当前信息"<<endl;
cout<<"6. 退出系统"<<endl;
cout<<"______________________"<<endl;
cout<<"请选择:";
cin>>m;
cout<<endl;

switch(m)
{case '1': record(xh,xm,s);break; //这里1-6原为数字，但现皆改为字符了；
case '2': sort(xh,xm,s); break;
case '3': insert(xh,xm,s);break;
case '4': del(xh,xm,s); break;
case '5': disp(xh,xm,s);break;
case '6': break;

default: cout<<"选择错误！"<<endl;break;
}
if(m=='6')
{cout<<"退出系统！"<<endl; break;}

}while(1);
}

void record(char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[]) //录入信息
{
int i ;
cout<<"请输入待录入的学生数：\n";
cin>>n;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个同学的学号、姓名、分数：\n";
cin>>xh[i]>>xm[i]>>s[i];
for(int l=0;l<i;l++)
if(strcmp(xh[l],xh[i])==0)
{cout<<"已有该学号，请检查后重新输入！"<<endl;
i--;}
}
cout<<"\n录入完毕！\n"<<endl;
}

void sort(char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[]) //排序信息
{int i,j,p;
float f;
char st[20];
if(n==0)cout<<"无信息可排序！"<<endl;
else
{ for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{ p=i;
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
if(s[j]<s[p])p=j;

if(p!=i)
{ f=s[i];s[i]=s[p];s[p]=f;
strcpy(st,xm[i]);
strcpy(xm[i],xm[p]);
strcpy(xm[p],st);
strcpy(st,xh[i]);
strcpy(xh[i],xh[p]);
strcpy(xh[p],st);
}
}
cout<<"\n按分数由小到大的排序结果为：\n"<<endl;
cout<<setw(8)<<"学号"<<setw(8)<<"姓名"<<setw(8)<<"分数"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
cout<<setw(8)<<xh[i]<<setw(8)<<xm[i]<<setw(8)<<s[i]<<endl;}
}

void insert(char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[])//增加信息
{
int i,j,k;
cout<<"请输入待增加学生数："<<endl;
cin>>k;
for(i=0,j=n;j<n+k;j++,i++)
{cout<<"请输入第"<<i+1<<"个待增加同学的学号、姓名、分数：\n";
cin>>xh[j]>>xm[j]>>s[j];
for(int l=0;l<j;l++) //每录入一个都要检查前面是否有与之重复的学号；
if(strcmp(xh[l],xh[j])==0)
{cout<<"已有该学号，请检查后重新输入！"<<endl;
j--;i--;}

}
n=n+k;
cout<<"\n增加录入完毕！\n"<<endl;
}

void disp(char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[])//显示信息
{int i;
if(n==0)
cout<<"无可显示信息！"<<endl;
else
{cout<<setw(8)<<"学号"<<setw(8)<<"姓名"<<setw(8)<<"分数"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
cout<<setw(8)<<xh[i]<<setw(8)<<xm[i]<<setw(8)<<s[i]<<endl;}
}

void del(char xh[][20],char xm[][20],float s[])
{
int i,k;
char str[20];
if(n==0)cout<<"无信息可删除！"<<endl;
else
{cout<<"请输入待删除学生的学号"<<endl;
cin>>str;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(strcmp(str,xh[i])==0)
break;
}
if(i>=n)
cout<<"系统无该学生信息！"<<endl;
else
{for(k=i;k<n-1;k++)
{strcpy(xh[k],xh[k+1]);
strcpy(xm[k],xm[k+1]);
s[k]=s[k+1];
}

n=n-1;
cout<<"\n删除完毕！\n"<<endl;}
}

}

Answer 3

网上有现成的，自己可以搜一下，不过建议你最好参考者书自己做做，其实并不难!

Answer 4

你好