希腊神话对英语词汇的影响（翻译）

Question

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在英美国家日常生活中出现的源于希腊神话的词语可以说俯拾即是，随处可见。橄榄枝(olive branch)象征和平已经世人皆知，该典故起源于希腊神话中的战神雅典娜(Athena)。雅典娜在为雅典城命名时曾赠送一根橄榄枝，祝愿这座城市永远和平富饶。我们常用的fatal一词是由希腊神话中三个命运女神(the Fates)演变而来的。这三个生命女神掌管着生命之线，克罗梭(Clotho)司纺线，莱其希斯(Lachesis)编织；当她纺织完毕，把线交给阿特罗波斯(Atropos)时，阿特罗波斯就立刻割断生命之线，生命也就结束了。因此，由命运女神派生而来的fatal一词，不仅与死亡有关，也与整个生命过程有关。奥林匹克主神的首领宙斯(Zel8)和太阳神阿波罗(Apollo)在西方社会是家喻户晓的人物，和他们有关的词语更是众人皆知的。丘比特之箭(Cupid’8 bow)和阿基耳斯的脚踵(Achilles’hee1)也是英美人民耳熟能详的典故。英语广告中经常利用源于希腊神话的典故的关联意义满足英美人崇尚神话英雄和神灵的文化心态。例如美国生产的一种高级运动旅游鞋商标是耐克(Nike)，就是借用希腊神话中胜利女神Nikc的名字。希腊神话中的人物的名称还进入了科技和军事领域。美国科学家把探索太空的计划命名为阿波罗计划，用海神的象征三叉戟(Trident)给潜水艇命名。此外，源于希腊神话的词语由于具有独特的文化形象，也经常出现在新闻报道中。例如，The National Aeronautic and Space Administration had called it a “success一oriented” schedule to get the space shuttle flying again，but the odyssey of “Discovery” was beset with various problem．这句话中作者灵活运用了“odyssey”一词，这个单词源于希腊神话中的英雄奥德修斯(Odysseus)。特洛伊战争中的英雄奥德修斯在战争结束后历经千辛万苦，在海上漂泊了1O年后才返回祖国。在这里，这个词“odyssey”用来指“发现号”在太空探测活动中经历的各种挫折和困难。

Answer 1

Britain and the United States in national life from Greek mythology, the words can be said are yours for the asking, can be seen everywhere. Olive branch (olive branch) has been well-known symbol of peace, which originated in ancient Greek mythology, God of Athena (Athena). Athena named for the city of Athens had presented an olive branch, the city will always wish peace and fertile. We fatal word is commonly used by the Greek myth of the fate of the three goddesses (the Fates) evolved from. These three lives in charge of the goddess of life lines, Croatia spindle (Clotho) Secretary spinning line, Loi its Heathrow (Lachesis) weaving when she finished textiles, the line to Ateluobeishi (Atropos), Artemis Luobeishi immediately cut off the life line, life will be over. Therefore, the fate of the fatal goddess derived from the word, not only with death, but also with the whole life process. The head of the Olympic gods Zeus (Zel8) and the sun god Apollo (Apollo) in the Western society is a well-known figure, and they are the words of well-known. Qiubitezhijian (Cupid'8 bow) and Azerbaijan ears Andean feet heel (Achilles'hee1) is the British and American people familiar story. Regular use of English in advertising from Greek mythology, the story of Britain and the United States who meet the significance of association advocating the myth of heroes and gods cultural mentality. For example, the United States produced a senior campaign trademark Nike trainers (Nike), is borrowing goddess of victory in Greek mythology Nikc's name. Greek mythology figures also enter the name of the science and technology and military fields. American scientists plan to explore space named Apollo program, a symbol of the Trident with Poseidon (Trident) submarines to the name. In addition, the words from Greek mythology as a unique cultural image, but also often appeared in news reports. For example, The National Aeronautic and Space Administration had called it a "success oriented one" schedule to get the space shuttle flying again, but the odyssey of "Discovery" was beset with various problem. This sentence Author flexibility in the use of the "odyssey", the word comes from the Greek myth of the heroic Odysseus (Odysseus). Trojan War hero Odysseus in the end of the war after undergoing untold hardships on the sea drift for a year before returning to the motherland O. Here, the word "odyssey" is used to mean "discovered" in space exploration activities experienced in the various setbacks and difficulties.