求翻译1篇英文文章

Scheme 1 141
Introduction
The synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as
indoles has been one of the most active areas in organic
chemistry due to their extensive existence in a great number
of biologically active compounds.1 Among the numerous
methods for the preparation of these azaheterocycles,2
the intramolecular hydroamination reaction represents a
highly atom-economic way and many kinds of catalysts
have been developed for this transformation.3 Recently, as
a continuation of their pioneering work in zinc-mediated
cyclization of 2-ynylphenol or -aniline, Nakamura and coworkers
have developed a novel tandem cyclization/
nucleophilic addition procedure of N-benzyl-protected
alkynylanilines with electrophiles to form indole derivatives
mediated by one equivalent of n-BuLi, ZnCl2,
[Pd2(dba)3] (cat.) or n-BuLi, ZnCl2, CuCN·2LiCl.4
Our group has demonstrated that the use of alkynyl sulfonamides
bearing a more acidic NH permits the use of diethylzinc
instead of the more basic n-butyllithium.5 The
use of this weaker base allows for the generation of a sufficiently
nucleophilic nitrogen anion for cyclization,
while conceding for a broader functional group tolerance.
Moreover, a catalytic amount of diethylzinc was found to
be able to catalyze the cyclization reaction and when an
excess of diethylzinc was used, the resulting indole zinc
salt intermediate could undergo reactions with acid chloride
or halides to form C2,C3-disubstituted indoles. Notably,
the choice of sulfonyl groups as the protecting group
was crucial to effect such a cyclization process and the use
of unprotected primary amine or acyl-protected substrates
all failed in this transformation.5
Scope and Limitations
Firstly, a series of 4-substituted 2-ethynyl-N-tosylanilines
were prepared and studied in the cyclization reaction with
20 mol% of diethylzinc in toluene (Scheme 1, Table 1). In
general, both the substrates with electron-withdrawing or
electron-donating groups could provide the desired indole
derivative products in excellent yields, while a shorter reaction
time was observed for the electron-withdrawing
ones (Table 1, entries 3–7). It was found that both halogen
and nitro group were well tolerated in the reaction. In addition,
compounds with alkyl and functionalized alkyl
substituents on the acetylene terminal (R1) were also tested
under similar reaction conditions and the corresponding
indole products could also be obtained in high yields
(Table 1, entries 8–11). Unfortunately, when the substituent
was TMS, the cyclization was inhibited completely,
affording only the deprotected aniline 1i after 24 hours
(1l/1i = 6:1) (Table 1, entry 12). 6

方案1 141
介绍
heterocycles物理的合成等
吲哚一直是最活跃的地区有机食品
化学由于其广泛的生存在这伟大的号码
生物学活性的compounds.1在众多
这些的合成方法azaheterocycles,2
hydroamination分子内的反应代表了一个
高度atom-economic方式和多种催化剂
已经开发为这transformation.3最近,当
他们的创业的延续zinc-mediated工作
2-ynylphenol或-aniline的环,中村和同事
已经开发了一种新型串联环合/
除了N-benzyl-protected亲的程序
与alkynylanilines electrophiles形成indole衍生品
一种等价的中介,ZnCl2 n-BuLi,
[Pd2 dba课程)[3]((猫)或n-BuLi,ZnCl2 CuCN·2LiCl.4,
我们的团队已经表明,使用炔磺胺类药物
轴承一个更多酸性的尼克-海德菲尔德允许使用diethylzinc
而不是基本n-butyllithium.5
利用这一较弱的基地可以生成一个充分
亲核性氮为原料,经环化、负离子
虽然有对更大官能团宽容。
此外,催化量的diethylzinc被发现
能够催化环合反应,如果某个
使用超过diethylzinc,产生的indole锌
盐中间可能接受与酸反应效果
或halides形成C2,C3-disubstituted吲哚。值得注意的是,
sulfonyl的选择组)为保护小组
是至关重要的,执行这个环化过程和使用
保护的主要胺和acyl-protected基质
在这个transformation.5都没有
范围和局限性
首先,一系列的4-substituted 2-ethynyl-N-tosylanilines
有准备,并研究了环化反应
20组分diethylzinc的% 1、方案,以甲苯(表1)。在
一般来说,都与electron-withdrawing底物
探讨了给电子基团对可以提供需要的indole
衍生产品的产量,而更短的反应
时间为electron-withdrawing观察
(表1,参赛作品的3 - 7)。这是发现无论是卤素
和硝基集团都耐受良好的反应。此外,
物质烷基和功能化烷基
在取代乙炔终端(R1)进行了测试
在类似的反应条件和相应的
indole产品也可以获得了丰收
(表1,进入8胜11败)。不幸的是,当替代物
是TMS环,完全是抑制,
只提供24小时后deprotected苯胺诗
(= 1 /诗滤)(表1、入境12)6
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第1个回答  2010-11-17
方案1 141
介绍
heterocycles物理的合成等
吲哚一直是最活跃的地区有机食品
化学由于其广泛的生存在这伟大的号码
生物学活性的化合物。1在众多
这些的合成方法azaheterocycles2,
hydroamination分子内的反应代表了一个
高度atom-economic方式和多种催化剂
已经开发为这transformation.3最近,当
他们的创业的延续zinc-mediated工作
2-ynylphenol或-aniline的环,中村和同事
已经开发了一种新型串联环合/
除了N-benzyl-protected亲的程序
与alkynylanilines electrophiles形成indole衍生品
一种等价的中介,ZnCl2 n-BuLi,
[Pd2 dba课程)[3]((猫)或n-BuLi,ZnCl2 CuCN·2LiCl.4,
我们的团队已经表明,使用炔磺胺类药物
轴承一个更多酸性的尼克-海德菲尔德允许使用diethylzinc
而不是基本n-butyllithium.5
利用这一较弱的基地可以生成一个充分
亲核性氮为原料,经环化、负离子
虽然有对更大官能团宽容。此外,催化量的diethylzinc被发现
能够催化环合反应,如果某个
使用超过diethylzinc,产生的indole锌
盐中间可能接受与酸反应效果
或halides形成C2,C3-disubstituted吲哚。值得注意的是,
sulfonyl的选择组)为保护小组
是至关重要的,执行这个环化过程和使用
保护的主要胺和acyl-protected基质
所有失败的思路5
范围和局限性
首先,一系列的4-substituted 2-ethynyl-N-tosylanilines
有准备,并研究了环化反应
20组分diethylzinc的% 1、方案,以甲苯(表1)。在
一般来说,都与electron-withdrawing底物
探讨了给电子基团对可以提供需要的indole
衍生产品的产量,而更短的反应
时间为electron-withdrawing观察
(表1,参赛作品的3 - 7)。这是发现无论是卤素
和硝基集团都耐受良好的反应。此外,
物质烷基和功能化烷基
在取代乙炔终端(R1)进行了测试
在类似的反应条件和相应的
indole产品也可以获得了丰收
(表1,进入8胜11败)。不幸的是,当近年来
是TMS环,完全是抑制,
只提供24小时后deprotected苯胺诗
(= 1 /诗滤)(表1、入境12)

希望对你能有帮助
第2个回答  2010-11-17
计划1 141
介绍<dnt>nitrogen-containing heterocycles </dnt>The综合例如
indoles是其中一个在有机<dnt>的活动区域</dnt>chemistry由于他们在一巨大数字<dnt>的广泛的存在</dnt>of生物在许多<dnt>之中的活跃compounds. 1这些azaheterocycles的准备的,
2 </dnt>methods the分子内hydroamination反应代表highly原子经济方式和许多催化剂have最近被开发为这transformation.
3最近, <dnt>他们在锌斡旋的<dnt>的作早期工作在的工作的</dnt>a继续2-ynylphenol的</dnt>cyclization或-苯胺, Nakamura和工友
have开发了新颖的纵排环合
nucleophilic N苯基被保护的<dnt>加法做法 与形成吲哚衍生物<dnt>的electrophiles的</dnt>alkynylanilines由n-BuLi, ZnCl2一个等值的</dnt>mediated,
[Pd2 (dba) 3] (猫。)或n-BuLi, ZnCl2, CuCN·2LiCl.
4
Our小组显示了出,使用alkynyl磺胺
bearing更加酸性的NH允许使用diethylzinc <dnt>而不是更加基本的n-butyllithium的</dnt>
5<dnt>这个更加微弱的基地</dnt>use十分地考虑到一<dnt>的世代</dnt>nucleophilic环合的氮气阴离子,<dnt>承认为更加宽广的功能小组容忍的</dnt>while。
Moreover,催化作用的相当数量diethylzinc被找到对<dnt>能的</dnt>be摧化环合反应和,当<dnt>使用了diethylzinc </dnt>excess,发生的吲哚锌
salt中间体能接受与酸氯化物<dnt>的反应形成C2的</dnt>or卤化物, C3二基取代的indoles。 显著地, <dnt>磺酰基小组</dnt>the选择作为保护的小组的<dnt>关键的</dnt>was影响这样环合过程和用途
of无保护的主要胺物或醯被保护的基体
all无法这变革。
5
Scope和局限
Firstly,一系列的4被替代的2-ethynyl-N-tosylanilines
were在环合反应准备了并且学习了与
20 diethylzinc mol%在甲苯(计划1,表1)的。 在
general,与电子撤出的两个基体或
electron-donating小组可能提供期望吲哚<dnt>在优秀出产量的</dnt>derivative产品,当一更短的反应<dnt>时</dnt>time对电子撤出被观察了
ones (表1,词条3–7)。 发现了两卤素
and硝基在反应很好被容忍了。 另外, <dnt>与烷基和functionalized烷基的</dnt>compounds<dnt>在乙炔终端(R1)的</dnt>substituents是也被测试的
under相似的反应情况和对应
indole产品在高出产量能也获得
(表1,词条8–11)。 不幸地,当代替者
was TMS,环合完全地被禁止了,
affording仅deprotected苯胺1i在24个小时以后
(1l/1i = 6 :1) (表1,词条12)。 6
第3个回答  2010-11-21
方案1
介绍
heterocycles物理的合成等
吲哚一直是最活跃的地区有机食品
化学由于其广泛的生存在这伟大的号码
生物学活性的compounds.1在众多
这些的合成方法azaheterocycles,2
hydroamination分子内的反应代表了一个
高度atom-economic方式和多种催化剂
已经开发为这transformation.3最近,当
是一个连续的

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