奥运会起源(中英对照的答案)

Answer 1

关于古奥运会起源流传最广的是佩洛普斯娶亲的故事。古希腊伊利斯国王为了给自己的女儿挑选一个文武双全的驸马，提出应选者必须和自己比赛战车。比赛中，先后有13个青年丧生于国王的长矛之下，而第14个青年正是宙斯的孙子和公主的心上人佩洛普斯。在爱情的鼓舞下，他勇敢地接受了国王的挑战，终于以智取胜。为了庆贺这一胜利，佩洛普斯与公主在奥林匹亚的宙斯庙前举行盛大的婚礼，会上安排了战车、角斗等项比赛，这就是最初的古奥运会，佩洛普斯成了古奥运会传说中的创始人。

奥运会的起源，实际上与古希腊的社会情况有着密切的关系。公元前9-8世纪，希腊氏族社会逐步瓦解，城邦制的奴隶社会逐渐形成，建立了200多个城邦。城邦各自为政，无统一君主，城邦之间战争不断。为了应付战争，各城邦都积极训练士兵。斯巴达城邦儿童从7岁起就由国家抚养，并从事体育、军事训练，过着军事生活。战争需要士兵，士兵需要强壮身体，而体育是培养能征善战士兵的有力手段。战争促进了希腊体育运动的开展，古奥运会的比赛项目也带有明显的军事烙印。连续不断的战事使人民感到厌恶，普遍渴望能有一个赖以休养生息的和平环境。后来斯巴达王和伊利斯王签订了"神圣休战月"条约。于是，为准备兵源的军事训练和体育竞技，逐渐变为和平与友谊的运动会。
现代奥林匹克运动的诞生

现代奥林匹克运动不论从发展规模，还是从发展水平上来看，都已为举世所瞩目。奥林匹克精神得到了广泛传播。人们看到，作为一种文化现象，奥林匹克主义以竞技的形式，将不同肤色、不同文化背景的民族紧密联系在一起，对人类的社会活动，对人类的文明产生了深刻的影响。作为一种体育现象，奥运会是人类探索体能极限的最引人入胜的赛场，奥运会纪录、奖牌成为运动员追求的崇高目标，奥林匹克运动已成为参与国家和地区众多、具有巨大吸引力、穿透力和凝聚力的一项全球性活动。

1893年，根据"奥运之父"顾拜旦的建议，在巴黎举行了讨论复兴奥运会问题的国际性体育会议。1894年1月，顾拜旦草拟了复兴奥运会的具体步骤和需要探讨的10个问题，致函各国体育组织和团体。6月16日，"国际体育运动代表大会"在巴黎索邦神学院开幕，到会代表79人，代表着12个国家的49个体育组织。有2000人参加了开幕式。大会通过了《复兴奥林匹克运动》的决议。6月23日成立了国际奥林匹克委员会。国际奥林匹克委员会的成立，标志着奥林匹克运动的诞生。

On the Origin of Ancient Olympic Games is the most widely spread Pelops娶亲story. Ancient Greece伊利斯King to his daughter in order to select a文武双全the驸horse, the election must be raised their game and combat vehicles. Competition, a total of 13 young people killed in the King spears, and the first 14 young grandson is Zeus and Princess of心上人Pelops. Inspired by the love he courageously accepted the challenge of the King, has finally come to Chile to win. To celebrate this victory, Pelops and Princess of Zeus in Olympia in front of the temple held a grand wedding, arranged at the chariot, the arena等项game, and this is the first ancient Olympic Games, has become ancient Pelops legends of the founder of the Olympic Games.

The origin of the Olympic Games, in fact ancient Greece and the social conditions are closely related. BC 9-8 century, the gradual disintegration of the same clan Greece, the city system gradually formed slave society, established more than 200 city-state. City fragmentation, no unified monarchy, the war between the city-state. To cope with the war, the city is actively training soldiers. Sparta city children from the age of seven from dependency on by the state, and engaged in physical education, military training, living a military life. War needs soldiers, the soldiers need stronger physically, and sports is to train soldiers to levy beginning a powerful means. War to promote the sport in Greece, the ancient Olympic Games event also has a significant military scars. Continuous fighting so that the people feel disgusted, the general's desire to have a chance to recuperate and peaceful environment. Later Sparta and伊利斯Wang Wang signed the "sacred truce," the treaty. Therefore, in preparation for participated in military training and sports competition, becoming the Games of peace and friendship.
The birth of the modern Olympic Movement

Regardless of the modern Olympic movement from the scale of development, or level of development, are being watched by the whole world. The Olympic spirit has been widely disseminated. People see that as a cultural phenomenon, and to the Olympic competition in the form of different color, different cultural backgrounds nation closely linked to human social activities, the civilization of mankind have had a profound impact. As a sports phenomenon, the Olympic Games are the physical limits of human exploration of the most interesting game, the Olympic Games record of medals as athletes pursue the noble goal of the Olympic movement has become in many countries and regions, has tremendous appeal, the penetration and cohesion a global activities.

In 1893, in accordance with the "Olympic" father of Coubertin's proposal, held in Paris to discuss the issue of rehabilitation Olympic international sports meeting. In January 1894, Coubertin drafted the rejuvenation of the Olympic Games and the specific steps need to explore the 10, sent a letter to national sports organizations and groups. June 16, "International Congress of Sports" in巴黎索邦Theological College opened the meeting on behalf of 79 people, representing 12 countries in 49 sports organizations. About 2,000 people attended the opening ceremony. The General Assembly adopted the "rejuvenation of the Olympic movement" resolution. On June 23 the establishment of the International Olympic Committee. The establishment of the International Olympic Committee marked the birth of the Olympic movement.

Answer 2

The modern Olympic movement originated in Western culture, prevalent in the world, and has become the spiritual civilization of mankind to share the results.

Ancient Greece Olympia Village is a "god City", where leaders of Zeus built the temple gods. Each year the city must be held to this ritual activities (entertainment gods activities). BC 776, from the beginning, performing in the form of a competition, people this year as the beginning of the ancient Olympic Games. Apart from the entertainment gods, then through sports entertainment display of the human body movement skills, provide for all sectors of the community spirit to meet different needs. Its contents are self-entertainment, entertainment officer, entertainment and so on.

BC 776 to AD 394, the ancient Olympic Games every four years organized session, held a total of 293 sessions. During the Olympics a "sacred truce" and not use all weapons, to wage war. It created civilization, and equality of wealth, has gone far beyond the significance of sport itself, known as the Ancient Olympic sports culture.

Medieval theological rule, the Olympic movement culture almost completely eliminated until the Renaissance, theology was people-oriented culture of humanism replaced. New humanistic values established, the sport has entered a new stage of development.

Accompanied by western industrial civilization and progress, sports endless entertainment, sports competition tide of the ups and downs of the world, people on the ancient culture of the sacred Olympic movement, purity of the desire to promote the then famous scholars advocate to revive the ancient Olympic sports culture.
In June1894,theFrencheducator,historianCoubertin Baroness tireless efforts of the International Olympic Committee set up, and adopted the first Olympic charter. In 1896, in Athens, Greece held its first session of the modern Olympic Games. Since then a world of sports was born, and also produced a new kind of global, unified sports and cultural patterns. It crossed the culture divide, the completion of the human cultural history of the sport qualitative change and become unique culture of the modern Olympic movement.
中文版现代奥林匹克运动文化起源于西方，流行于全世界，并已成为人类共享的精神文明成果。

奥林匹亚村是古希腊时代的“神城”，那里建有诸神领袖宙斯的神庙。每年各城邦都要来此举行祭祀活动（娱神活动）。从公元前776年开始，表演以比赛的形式出现，人们把这一年当作古代奥林匹克运动会的开始。除了娱神之外，当时的运动娱乐活动还通过人体运动技能的展示，为社会各阶层提供不同需求的精神满足。其内容有自娱、娱官、娱人等。

从公元前776年到公元394年，古代奥运会每4年举办一届，共举行了293届。奥运会期间实行“神圣休战”，所有人不得运用武器，发动战争。它所创造的文明、和平等财富，已远远超出体育运动本身的意义，被称作古代奥林匹克运动文化。

中世纪神学统治时期，奥林匹克运动文化几乎湮灭殆尽，直到文艺复兴时期，神学文化被以人为本的人文主义所取代。新的人文价值观的确立，使体育运动进入了崭新的发展阶段。

伴随西方工业文明的进步，运动娱乐活动层出 不穷，体育竞技的世界化潮流波澜起伏，人们对古代奥林匹克运动文化的神圣性、纯洁性的渴望，促使当时的名人学者倡导复兴古代奥林匹克运动文化。
1894年6月，在法国教育家、历史学家皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦男爵的不懈努力下，国际奥林匹克委员会成立，并通过了第一部奥林匹克章程。1896年,在希腊雅典举行了第一届现代奥林匹克运动会。从此一种世界性的体育活动诞生了，同时产生了一种新的世界性的、统一的体育文化形态。它跨越了民族文化的鸿沟，完成了人类运动文化史上的质变，成为独具特色的现代奥林匹克运动文化。

Answer 3

局、中国科学院、中国工程院、中国科协、国家自然科学基金委员会、中国气象局十个部门共同成立了“第二十九届奥林匹克运动会科技委员会”。奥科委是奥组委的顾问咨询机构，将为奥组委提供高层次的科技咨询，是将高科技引入奥运各项建设项目的重要渠道；同时，奥科委还将配合“奥运科技(2008)行动计划”领导小组，促进“奥运科技(2008)行动计划”的实施，做好奥运科技项目与奥运各项建设的衔接与协调。奥科委主要履行以下四方面的职责：为奥组委提供全方位的技术咨询服务；组织、协调科技奥运建设项目的实施：推动奥运各相关部门的信息沟通与奥运科技宣传；促进科技奥运建设的国际交流与合作。这些情