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Question

Being a cheaper carbon source, molasses is preferred for citric acid production. As reported by several authors ,the presence of metal ions in molasses enhances growth of the fungus but inhibits citric acid production and hence the clarification of molasses was required. A SSF was carried out using clarified and nonclarified
molasses, in the presence and absence of methanol (to examine the sensitivity of fungus to metalions for citric acid production in SSF) at an initial sugar level of 31.8 g/100 g of dry solid and a moisture level 75%. The results are shown in Fig. 6. In the absence of methanol, the maximum concentration of citric acid,11.2 and 10.2 g/100 g of dry solid with a yield of 35.9 and 32.9. In the presence of methanol the maximum
concentration of citric acid 19.8 and 17.9 g/100 g of dry solid with yield of 64.5 and 60.3% (Table 5) was obtained from clarified and non-clarified molasses in SSF after 9 days of fermentation. The rate of sugar consumption was slightly higher in non-clarified molasses medium than clarified molasses medium. This indicates that the presence of metal ions in molasses enhanced growth of the fungus and reduced citric acid production. The adverse effect of metal ions (present inmolasses) on citric acid production was not very effective as the yields of citric acid, which were similar.
This may be due to the unavailability of free flowing water in SSF system, transport of these metal ions from medium to the fungal cells being difficult. It is also possible that metal ions might be adsorbed on bagasse particles and therefore less available to the microbe.

Answer 1

糖浆为一种低廉的碳源， 是生产柠檬酸的首选。正如一些作者报道的，糖浆中的金属离子增强了抑制真菌的产生，但却使得所需的蜜浆净化增加了。一个空间模拟设备由净化与非净化的糖浆所形成，在甲醇的存在和缺乏（审查真菌，对在社保基金理事会柠檬酸生产金属离子的敏感性）以31.8 g/100克干固体和水分含量75％的初始血糖水平。结果显示在图。 6。在甲醇，柠檬酸的最高浓度，11.2和10.2 g/100干固克与产量的35.9和32.9的情况下。在甲醇存在的最大
柠檬酸19.8和17.9 g/100干固克与产量的64.5和60.3％（见表5）浓度在社保基金理事会在9天的发酵澄清和非澄清糖蜜。的糖消费率稍不高澄清糖蜜培养基比澄清糖蜜介质。这表明，金属离子在糖蜜的存在增强的真菌，降低柠檬酸生产的增长。对金属离子（目前inmolasses）在柠檬酸生产产生不利影响并不十分为柠檬酸，其中产量类似的有效。
这可能是由于自由流动的水系统在社保基金理事会，运输从中这些金属离子对真菌细胞暂时困难无法进行。它也有可能是金属离子可能吸附在粒子，从而减少甘蔗渣可用于微生物。

Answer 2

作为一个廉价的碳源，糖蜜是首选的柠檬酸生产。正如一些作者报道，在糖蜜金属离子的存在增强了抑制真菌的生长，但柠檬酸生产的糖蜜，因此需要澄清。一个社保基金理事会进行了澄清和nonclarified使用
糖蜜，在甲醇的存在和缺乏（审查真菌，对在社保基金理事会柠檬酸生产金属离子的敏感性）以31.8 g/100克干固体和水分含量75％的初始血糖水平。结果显示在图。 6。在甲醇，柠檬酸的最高浓度，11.2和10.2 g/100干固克与产量的35.9和32.9的情况下。在甲醇存在的最大
柠檬酸19.8和17.9 g/100干固克与产量的64.5和60.3％（见表5）浓度在社保基金理事会在9天的发酵澄清和非澄清糖蜜。的糖消费率稍不高澄清糖蜜培养基比澄清糖蜜介质。这表明，金属离子在糖蜜的存在增强的真菌，降低柠檬酸生产的增长。对金属离子（目前inmolasses）在柠檬酸生产产生不利影响并不十分为柠檬酸，其中产量类似的有效。
这可能是由于自由流动的水系统在社保基金理事会，运输从中这些金属离子对真菌细胞暂时困难无法进行。它也有可能是金属离子可能吸附在粒子，从而减少甘蔗渣可用于微生物。