第1个回答 推荐于2019-08-14
一个及物动词后接另一动词作宾语或者宾语补足语时,有时只能用不定式,有时只能用动名词或者现在分词,有时用不定式或动名词均可且含义相同,有时用不定式或动名词均可但含义不同。具体情况大致如下:
一、习惯上只接动名词作宾语的动词(42个)
admit(承认),advise(建议),allow(允许),anticipate(预料),appreciate(感激),avoid(避免),consider(考虑),defer(延期),delay(推迟),deny(否认),detest(讨厌),discuss(讨论),dislike(不喜欢),dread(担心),enjoy(喜爱),escape(逃脱),excuse(原谅),fancy(设想),finish(完成),forbid(禁止),forgive(原谅),imagine (想像),keep(保持),loathe(厌恶),mention(提及),mind(介意),miss(没赶上),pardon(原谅),permit(允许),practice(练习),prevent(阻止),prohibit(禁止),propose(建议),recollect(记得),report(报告),resent(愤恨),resist(抵制),risk(冒险),stand(容忍),stop(停止,阻止),suggest(提议),understand(理解)
The thief admitted having stolen my car. 小偷供认偷了我的车子。
I advise waiting a few more days. 我建议再等几天。
We don’t allow smoking in the hall. 我们不允许有人在大厅里吸烟。
Imagine being on the moon.想像一下是在月球上。
We shouldn’t keep thinking about it. 我们不应该老想着这事。
Would you mind not going there? 你可否不去那儿呢?
I finished doing my homework last night. 我昨晚做完了作业。
He dislikes watching TV. 他不喜欢看电视。
Are you practicing playing the guitar now? 你在练习弹吉他吗?
The neighbours reported seeing him leave the building at noon. 邻居们反应说在中午看见他离开了大楼。
二、习惯上只接不定式作宾语的动词
afford (付得起),agree(同意),aim(力求做到), appear(显得),arrange(安排),ask(要求),attempt (试图),care(想要),choose(决定),claim(声称),condescend(屈尊),consent(准许),decide(决定),demand(要求),determine(决心),endeavor(竭力),expect(期待),fail(未履行),help(帮助),hesitate(犹豫),hope(希望),learn(学会),manage(设法),neglect(疏忽),offer(主动提出),plan(计划),prepare(准备),pretend(假装),proceed(接着做),promise(答应),prove(证明),refuse(拒绝),resolve(解决),seem(觉得好像),swear(发誓),tend(往往会),threaten(预示),undertake(承诺),volunteer(自愿做),vow(发誓),want(想要),wish(希望)
I can’t afford to buy this house. 我买不起这栋房子。
I hope/wish to stay with you this summer. 今年暑假,我希望和你住在一起。
He promised to meet me at the station. 他答应到车站接我。
Do you agree to go shopping with me? 你同意和我一起去购物吗?
More and more people choose not to marry. 越来越多的人情愿不结婚。
They have decided to leave for Beijing the day after tomorrow. 他们决定后天动身去北京。
Have you planned to buy a car? 你计划好了要买车吗?
Who can volunteer to answer this question? 谁自愿来回答这道题?
I’m learning to drive a car. 我在学开车。
We want to have a rest. 我们想休息一下。
三、接动名词或不定式作宾语且意义相差不大的动词
like(喜欢),love(喜欢),hate(憎恨),prefer(宁可),begin(开始),start(开始),continue(继续),can’t bear(不能忍受),bother(麻烦),intend(想要),cease(停止)
He likes to sing [singing]. 他喜欢唱歌。
It has started to rain [raining]. 开始下雨了。
You needn’t bother to come up [coming up]. 你不必费心过来了。
The baby continued to cry [crying] all night. 这孩子哭了一整夜。
The old man ceased breathing [to breathe]. 老人停止了呼吸。
注:(1)当 like, love, hate, prefer 与 would或者should 连用时,其后只能接不定式。例如:
我想现在就去。
误:I’d like going now.
正:I’d like to go now.
(2)当 begin, start 本身为进行时态或后接 know, realize, understand 等静态动词时,其后的动词只能用不定式。
他开始认识到他错了。
误:He began realizing that he was wrong.
正:He began to realize that he was wrong.
四、接动名词或者不定式作宾语但意义不同的动词
1、remember(记得),forget(忘记),regret(后悔),stop(停止)
(1)后接不定式时指该不定式所表示的动作后发生。例如:
Remember to clean your room. 记得打扫房间。(还未打扫,先是remember,之后才clean)
He forgot to pay me the money. 他忘记要给我付钱了。(尚未付钱,forgot时还没pay)
He stopped to listen, but heard nothing. 他停下来听了听,但什么声音也没有听到。(先停后听)
(2)后接动名词时则指该动名词所表示的动作先发生。例如:
I remember cleaning the classroom. 我记得打扫了教室。(已打扫过)
He forgot paying me the money. 他忘记曾给我付过钱。(已付过钱了)
He stopped speaking. 他不讲话了。(先说后停)
(3)注意:go on to do sth 和go on doing sth 也有类似差别:前者表示做完某事后接着做另一事,后者表示继续做正在做的事。例如:
You shouldn’t go on living this way. 你不应该再这样生活下去了。(go on 后接doing通常被认为是现在分词而不是动名词)
Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one. 做完这个练习后, 请接着做其他的练习
2、try 后接不定式表示设法做某事,接动名词表示做某事试试(看有什么效果)。例如:
I’ll try to come tomorrow. 我明天设法来。
Let’s try knocking at the back door. 咱们敲敲后门试试。
3、mean 后接不定式表示打算(想要)做某事,接动名词表示意味着(做某事,接动名词表示意味着要)做某事。例如:
He did not mean to hurt you. 他不是有意要伤害你。
This illness will mean going to hospital. 得了这种病就意味着要住院。
4、can’t help后接动名词表示禁不住做某事,接不定式表示不能帮助做某事。例如:
He couldn’t help crying when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息时禁不住哭了。
The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold. 这药不能帮你治好感冒。本回答被提问者和网友采纳
第3个回答 推荐于2017-09-27
有些动词后既可接to do,也可接doing,它们后接to do与doing在意思上有时有较大的差别。因为它们也是中考的常考点之一,因而我们应该搞清楚它们的区别。
1. stop to do/stop doing sth。
解析:stop to do sth.意为“停下来(正在做的事)去做(另外的)某事”,to do sth.在句中作目的状语。而stop doing sth.意为“停止做(正在做的)某事”。如
Mary stopped to speak to me.玛丽停下(手头的工作)来跟我讲话。
When the teacher came in. the students stopped talking.老师进来时,学生们停止讲话。
2. remember to do/remember doing sth
解析:remember to do sth.意为“记住要去做某事”(还没有做)。而remember doing sth.意为“记得(已经)做过某事”如:
Please remember to send the letter for me.请记住为我发这封信。
I don’t remember eating such food somewhere.我不记得在哪里吃过这种食物
3. forget to do/forget doing sth
解析:forget to do sth.意为“忘记做某事”(动作还没有发生)。而forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”(动作已发生)。如:
Don’t forget to bring your photo here.别忘了把你的相片带来。
I have forgotten giving the book to him.我忘记我已把书给了他。
4. go on to do/go on doing sth
解析:go on to do sth.意为“做完一件事,接着做另外一件事”,两件事之间有可能有某种联系。而go on doing sth.意为“继续做下去”。如:
After reading the text, the students went on to do the exercises.学生们读完课文后,接着做练习。
It’s raining hard, but the farmers go on working on the farm.虽然天正下着大雨,但农民们继续在农场干活。
5. try to do/try doing sth
解析:try to do sth.意为“尽力去做某事”,而try doing sth.意为“(用某一种办法)试着去做某事”。如:
Try to come a little early next time, please.下次请尽量早点来。
You can try working out the problem in another way.你可以试试用其它的方法解答这道题目。
6. can’t help to do/can’t help doing sth
解析:can’t help to do为动词不定式结构;can’t help doing sth.意为“身不由己地去做某事”或“情不自禁地去做某事。”如:
We can’t help to finish it.我们不能帮忙完成此事。
I couldn’t help laughing when I saw her strange face.当我看到她奇怪的脸时,我情不自禁地笑了。
7. hear sb. do/hear sb. doing sth
解析:hear sb. do sth.意为“听见某人做某事”,指听到了这个动作的全过程;hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到某人做某事”,指听到时候,这个动作正在发生。如:
I often hear him sing in the classroom.我经常听见他在教室里唱歌。
Do you hear someone knocking at the door?你听见有人在敲门吗?
应该说明的是:和hear的用法一样的还有see、watch、notice等。