万分感谢，请大师帮个忙，我的论文要求英文翻译，很急

Question

走双技术路线
新一代电子政务研发的另一个重要创新就是全面国产化的研发原则。
这个原则包括完全实现全部软硬件产品的国产化，从网络基础设施、计算机存储设备到数据库、应用服务器，以及技术难度较高的支撑类软件、认证加密和安全类软件，所有的硬件设备全部采用国产化产品。
完全国产化消除了对国外IT厂商的技术依赖，不仅能为将来的推广应用节省大量的资金（不必花巨资去购买国外昂贵的软硬件产品），而且由于掌握了核心技术，再结合中国电子政务信息化的实际情况，能够提供最有针对性的高效安全的电子政务解决方案。
两条技术路线指的是平台基于Java和。Net两种技术体系分别实现。需要强调的是，Java浏览器客户端除支持IE浏览器外，必须支持能运行在国产Linux系统上的浏览器FireFox。
这样，新一代电子政务国产化综合平台为用户提供了多种选择，各党政机关可根据本单位的软硬件情况以及技术人员的技能情况等选择最适合的应用系统。
三棵树基础支撑平台
新一代电子政务建设的一个重要特点就是统一的基础支撑体系、统一的机构人员管理、统一的信息分类管理和统一的权限策略管理（简称“三棵树”）构成了统一的基础支撑平台，这贯穿在安全支撑体系、工具支撑体系和各业务应用中，起到了纽带作用，使新一代电子政务系统实现了真正的一体化整合。
统一的机构用户管理，为各应用子系统、各支撑类软件产品，强行实现了统一的机构与用户管理体系。
梳理、归纳和提炼了统一系统支撑信息分类和基础资源信息分类，为各应用提供了统一的信息支撑环境。
统一了权限分配策略管理，为用户对各应用的信息获取和办公处理提供了统一的控制途径，加强了系统安全保密控制体系。
基础支撑平台的统一也为实现各应用子系统的全面整合提供了基础。
采用可复用功能组件
以往的电子政务系统建设极其分散，一个应用往往就是一个系统，并连带着不同功能组件和配套支撑组件。各应用功能组件之间没有经过统一规划和设计，使得各软件之间的功能组件、实现方式、标准都不相同。
新一代电子政务基于上面的考虑，并结合笔者实际建设经验，提出并归纳提炼了共性技术，采取复用组件进行技术设计和开发的的模式，大大提高了开发的效率，减低了投资，又规范了各应用的功能组件标准和支撑标准，这些模块包括批核应用、查询授权、打印授权、日志管理、打印授权等。
作者简介：任锦华
任锦华，中联部信息办副主任。从1996年起，他以普通文秘人员身份从事机关内网信息系统的规划、设计与建设工作。2006年，中联部《政党外交信息化工程一期项目》作为国家发改委批复并作为国家电子政务工程系统国产化示范项目，由任锦华作为责任人负责该项目的规划、设计、组织实施以及成果全面投入应用，目前项目正在进行终验。此项目的最大特点是实现了电子政务国产化。

Answer 1

Walk for pair of technology routes The new generation e-administration study another important FOAK getting rich will be that localization all-round inkstone sends out principle. This principle is included realizing all the soft hardware product's completely localization , apply a server from network infrastructural facilities , computer memory equipment to data base, adopt the localization product as well as technology degree of difficulty is all than prop up the kind software , attestation encryption and safety kind software , all high hardware equipment. Completely localization have removed the technology to abroad IT firm be dependent on, not only can in order application and dissemination with the future economizes the magnanimous fund (the unnecessary flower huge amount of money gets rid of the expensive soft hardware product) buying abroad, and since having known a key technology well, informatization reality of again be tied in wedlock Chinese e-administration, is able to provide high-effect having pertinency most safe e-administration resolving a scheme. That two technology routes refer to is that platform draws owing to Java. Net two kinds technologies system comes true respectively. Browser FireFox being emphasizing that , the Java browser customer must hold out being able to work on domestic Linux system as holding need except supporting the IE browser. Localization synthesis of such , new generation e-administration platform has provided various choice to the consumer , every Party and government organization may be based on alternative the most suitable application system such as unit soft hardware condition and technician's technical ability condition. That the three trees basis props up platform new generation a important characteristic of e-administration construction is that the unified basis props up system , the unified organization personnel manages , unified information classification manages with unified extent of authority Strategic Management (be called "three trees for short)" to have composed the unified basis propping up platform , the integration having played have arrived at link role , having made new generation e-administration system realization real integrates in this being penetrated propping up system , the implement in safety propping up system and every business application. Unified organization consumer administration, is that every applies a subsystem , every props up the kind software product , forces to have realized unified organization and consumer administrative system. Have combed , have been summed up as and have refined to unite system propping up information classification and basis resource information classification, prop up an environment in order every application has provided unified information. Assignment Strategic Management having united extent of authority, in order the consumer gains the approach handling controlling having provided an unification with handling official business to the information that every applies, have reinforced system safety keeping secret controlling system. The unification propping up platform also integrates a basis in order realizing every all-round applying a subsystem's having provided a basis. Adopt e-administration of multiplex function module in the past system construction to disperse extremely, a application sometimes is a system , related together different function module and forming a complete set prop up a module. Every unified plan and design does not pass between the function module applying , the feasible function module between every software, realizes way , the standard not being same as. Thinking of new generation e-administration because of above, builds experience with a view of and author reality , suggest that joining induction having abstracted industry-specific technology, adopt the multiplex carry out technology design and development module pattern, greatly, have improved development efficiency , have brought down investment, and the standard respectively applicative function module standard propping up a standard, these modules examine application including the batch , inquire about warrant , daily record administration , printing warrant authorizing , printing etc.Brief introduction to the author: Ren Jin Hua Ren Jin Hua , International Liaison Department of the Central Committee information punish a deputy director. Starting from 1996, he is engaged in the plan covering information system as with a net within the organ , designs and builds a job with gentle secret average personnel dignity. International Liaison Department of the Central Committee "political party diplomacy informationization project once expects a project " switches over to shift an official reply to subordinate and to be systematic localization country e-administration project demonstrative project as country hair in 2006, is responsible for being project plan , design turn , initiates and puts into operation as well as achievement throws into application all round as responsibility people by Ren Jin Hua , the project is carrying out an end proving effective at present. This maximal project characteristic is to have realized e-administration localization

Answer 2

l don't know.