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Question

1、范围
本工艺规程适用于铁磁性材料制成的压力容器及其零部件表面、近表面缺陷的磁粉检测方法。
2、引用标准
下列标准所包含的条文，通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文。在标准出版时，所示版本均
为有效。所有标准都会被修订，使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下列标准最新版本的可能性。
GB150－1998 钢制压力容器
JB/T 4730－2005 压力容器无损检测
3、人员资格
3.1从事磁粉检测人员，应按照《特种设备无损检测人员考核与监督管理规则》的要求取得相应无损检测资格的人员。
3.2 磁粉检测人员应从事与各自技术等级相应的工作，并负相应的技术责任。
3.3磁粉检测人员应按照压力容器有关规程、标准和本工艺，努力完成磁粉检测工作，保证检测质量。
3.4 从事磁检检测工作的人员不得有色盲、色弱。校正视力不低于1.0。
4、设备和器材
4.1设备：
质量控制应符合JB/T 4730.4－2005第3.3条要求。
4.2器材：黑磁粉、煤油、油悬浮液
质量控制应符合JB/T 4730.4－2005第3.9条要求。
5、工序安排
5.1 焊接完24小时后进行检测；
5.2 紧固件和锻件在热处理后进行检测；
5.3 应在涂漆、发蓝、磷化和电镀等表面处理之前进行检测。
6、检测工艺
6.1 检测方法：湿连续法；
6.2 磁化方法：纵向磁化和磁轭法；
6.3 磁化规范：交流电磁轭的提升力应＞44N；
6.4 灵敏度：使用15／50或30／100的A型标准试片进行综合性能试验。
7、检测操作
7.1 预处理：清理检测表面，焊缝及两则10mm的热影响区，露出金属光泽。
7.2 磁化：交叉磁轭法。移动速度30cm/分，通电时间为1－3秒，至少磁化两次，停施磁悬液3秒后，
才可停止磁化。
7.3 施加磁悬液：喷洒法。
7.4 检测方法：湿连续法，先用磁悬液润湿工件检测区表面，在通电磁化中同时施加磁悬液，待磁液形
成滞留时停止通电，进行观察、评定磁痕，被检工件表面的可见光照度＞500LX，必要时使用5－10倍
放大镜细小缺陷磁痕。
7.5缺陷磁痕的显示记录：缺陷磁痕的显示记录可采用照相、录像可剥性塑料 方式记录，同时应用草图标示。
7.6 退磁：用电磁轭局部退磁，工件上的剩磁应不大于0.2mT。
7.7 后处理：清洗掉工件表面的磁粉。
8、验收和评级
8.1 下列缺陷不允许存在
3 任何裂纹和白点；
4 任何横向缺陷显示；
5 焊缝及紧固件上任何长度大于1.5mm的线性缺陷显示；
6 锻件上任何长度大于2mm的线性缺陷显示；
7 单个尺寸大于或等于4mm的圆形缺陷显示。
8.2 磁痕评定和记录按JB/T 4730.4－2005第5条执行。
8.3 缺陷显示累积长度的等级评定按JB/T 4730－2005表6执行。
9、报告
9.1 检测报告的出具按JB/T 4730.4－2005第10条执行；
9.2 检测报告内容应正确、完整并有相应责任人签字认可。
9.3 检测送验单、检测部位及缺陷示意图，检测记录等，均作为技术资料归档保存。
9.4 检测资料须妥善保管7年，7年后，可转交用户保管。

Answer 1

1, scope

This procedure is applicable to ferromagnetic material made of pressure vessels and parts surface, near surface defects detection method of the magnetic powder.

2, the reference standard

The following standards contain provision which, through reference in this standard, constitute provisions of this standard. In the standard was published, editions indicated

For effective. All standards are subject to revision, the use of the standard of the parties should discuss the latest version of the standard to use the following possibility.

GB150-1998 steel pressure vessel

JB/T 4730-2005 pressure vessel NDT

3, personnel qualification

3.1 in magnetic powder the examination personnel, should according to "special equipment nondestructive testing personnel assessment and management regulations of requirements obtain corresponding qualification of the nondestructive testing personnel.

3.2 magnetic powder testing personnel should engage in with their own technology level corresponding work, and bear corresponding technical responsibility.

3.3 magnetic powder testing personnel shall, in accordance with relevant regulations, pressure vessel standards and this process, to complete the magnetic powder detection, ensure the quality of detection.

3.4 in magnetic inspection test personnel may not be a color-blind, SeRuo. Correction vision not less than 1.0.

4, equipment and equipment

4.1 equipment:

Quality control should be consistent with JB/T 4730.4-2005 article 3.3 requirements.

4.2 equipment: black magnetic powder, kerosene, oil suspension

Quality control should be consistent with JB/T 4730.4-2005 article 3.9 requirements.

5, process arrangement

5.1 after 24 hours after welding testing;

5.2 fasteners and forging after heat treatment in testing;

5.3 should be in the paint, hair and blue, phosphate and electroplating and other surface treatment before testing.

6, test process

6.1 detection methods: wet continuous method;

6.2 magnetization method: longitudinal magnetization and magnetic yoke method;

6.3 magnetized standard: exchange of electromagnetic yoke lifting force should be > 44 N;

6.4 sensitivity: use A 15/50 or 30/100 of the type A standard specimens for comprehensive performance test.

7, inspection operation

7.1 pretreatment: clean up test surface, weld and two is 10 mm heat affected zone, exposing metal luster.

7.2 magnetized: cross magnetic yoke method. Movement speed 30 cm/points, the polarization time for 1-3 seconds, at least two times magnetization, was stopped suspension 3 seconds,

To stop magnetized.

On 7.3 suspension: spraying method.

7.4 detection methods: wet continuous method, use first suspension wetting testing area workpiece surface, in electricity and put in the magnetic suspension, wait for magnetic liquid form

Stop stranded into electricity, carries on the observation, evaluation magnetic image, be seized the surface of visible light > 500 LX and, when necessary, use 5-10 times

A magnifying glass tiny defects magnetic image.

7.5 defects of magnetic image shows record: the defects of the magnetic image that can be used to record video camera, can be stripped sex plastic way records, and application sketches marked.

7.6 demagnetization: with electromagnetic yoke local demagnetization, of the residual magnetism on the workpiece shall not be more than 0.2 mT.

7.7 post-processing: cleaning off the surface of the magnetic powder.

8, acceptance and rating

8.1 the following defects not allowed to live

3 any cracks and white point;

4 any horizontal flaw display;

5 weld and fasteners any length is more than 1.5 mm of linear defects display;

6 forging any length on greater than 2 mm of linear defects display;

7 a single size is equal to or greater than 4 mm round defect display.

8.2 magnetic image evaluation and record in JB/T 4730.4-2005 article 5 execution.

8.3 defect display accumulation grades length in JB/T 4730-2005 table 6 execution.

9, the report

9.1 the test report issued by the press JB/T 4730.4-2005 article 10 execution;

9.2 the test report content should be correct, complete with corresponding persons responsible for confirmation of sign in.

Send check list, 9.3 detection test site and defect schematic diagram, test records, etc., are filing as technical data.

9.4 test material must be properly keep the seven years, seven years later, can be passed to the user.

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