Suppose that half of the population each possess 100 books and the other half only have 50 books each.Even if we thought it desirable for all citizens to own 75 books
each,with a redistribution of books so that those with more gave to those with less,such that equality of ownership prevailed,it is unlikely that this would be sought out of a commitment to social justice.In our lives,inequalities abound and there is no compelling reason to equalise them out by taking remedying action in the name of social justice.
Social justice can only be invoked as a ground for policy and practice if a difference leads to an inequality which in some fundamental way offends against a principle deemed to be constitutive of a just society.Hair colour and books possessed do not meet this requirement.On the other hand,lack of sufficient money to provide for the basics necessary to exist on or above the minimum standard of living a society sets for its members,as a consequence of government economic policies,does have a tendency to intensify calls for raising the well-being of those least advantaged by social arrangements.Or the discrimination against one group by another,women by men,employees by employers,homosexuals by heterosexuals,often leads to a demand for the government to intervene by legislating the discrimination to be unlawful and equality to prevail.So,where difference and inequalities have a significant, serious and harmful impact on citizens,such that their material,psychological, personal and interpersonal welfare are placed at a disadvantage,then social justice becomes a guiding principle for social policy and intervention/actions.This leads to consideration of the just society,for social justice is lost without such a society.Or,to put it another way,an unjust society leads to calls for social justice.So,what is a just society?The New Zealand Royal Commission on Social Policy(1988)held that five standards ought to be used to judge whether a society is just or not.There must be:
1.dignity and self-determination for individuals,families and communities.
2.maintenance of a standard of living sufficient to ensure that everybody can participate in and have a sense of belonging to the community.
3.genuine concern for all people,of whatever age,race,gender,social and economic position or abilities,to develop their own potential.
4.a fair distribution of the wealth and resources of the nation,including access to resources which contribute to social well-being.
5.acceptance of the identity and cultures of the different people within the community and understanding and respect for cultural diversity.
If we work from this account,how does social justice connect with being a morally educated person?Social Justice and Moral Education in China 47
外文翻译 论文用的 帮忙翻下吧 好的追加分数~ 非常感谢!
对书籍的重新分配,即让书多的人给与书少的人,这种普遍存在的所有权平等,却不可能达到社会平等这样一种状态。生活中不平等随处可见,但是我们却不会以社会平等的名义采取一些强制措施来维持这种事情的平衡。
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