第1个回答 2007-11-11
Enters the economical globalization process the substantive significance not only is maximum limit implements the economy open and the international trade liberalization, moreover, more importantly must establish one kind to be more effective, the fairer international competition order, namely international industrial organization's system and policy frame. Industrial organization's system and the policy frame basic question is, forms is advantageous to the enterprise the effective competition has the possibility to obtain most has the market achievements the market mechanism. Therefore, in under the economical globalization condition, our country government needs to solve in the commercial aviation shipping industry development the most important question is: Forms is advantageous to being effective, the fair competition and the cooperation system environment, but non- other.
Which promotes with government's profits and taxes the benefit direction is consistent exterior the vested interest group's profession benefit, the control system arrangement transforms often is needs the pressure. This kind of pressure mainly comes from after other to be possible to substitute the transport mode operation efficiency the enhancement and enters the world the overseas high efficiency operation commercial aviation shipping industry brutal competition.
Second, commercial aviation shipping industry development cost restriction factor
Decided whether the passenger does ride one of airplane primary factors is the ticket price height. Speaking of the absolute ticket price, China's ticket price on has outdone the American ticket price 16%, here American ticket price or all seats on a ship average price, but China's ticket price is the economy class cabin price, if China's ticket price includes the first-class cabin the price to be able to be higher.
In 1999, American average each person rides above airplane 5, but in the Chinese average every 20.5 people only then has 1 person to ride airplane 1. If China in average 2 individual has 1 person to ride 1 time of airplane every year, a year passenger transport rate will surpass 600 million people, this numeral will be above 1999 10 times. Zheng Xingwu in "WTO And Aviation Shipping industry Opening" center thought the ticket price excessively high creates Chinese National Aviation Corporation carrying rate not to be generally high, is average from the 1980s 59% drops to below present 57%. Perhaps, Zheng's viewpoint trades view more accurate: In under our country present income level, the ticket price excessively high becomes the influence carrying rate important attribute.
"Meets excessively high about why the commercial aviation airplane ticket price", the author once has exchanged with the China southern airlines's staff, their reply was, the civil air trsportation capital expenditure is the fuel oils and the staff wages, the fuel oils price continuously stays at a high level, the staff wages has the rigidity, therefore the airplane ticket price decides really is like this the cost is high, will not have later on for it.
According to the statistical material, the navigation material import customs duty rate is between 2-30%, the increment duty tax rate is 17%, the navigation material import average synthesis tax rate is 30%, this greatly increased the air movement enterprise's production cost. Moreover, the international market jet fuel average price is 1.6 Yuan /kg, the customs duty is 9%, the increment duty tax rate is 17%, the duty paying value is 2.04 Yuan /kg, rose 27.5% compared to the international price; But the domestic market price is 2.43 Yuan /kg, rose 52% compared to the international price. In 1997 only the commercial aviation subordinate enterprise consumed fuel 3.275 million tons, because domestic and foreign prices difference this item, these enterprises paid 2.72 billion Yuan jet fuel cost much, nearly was equal to the entire profession loss volume. In addition, has not changed in the situation in exterior cost, last year the commercial aviation industry appeared the entire profession large amount loss, its basic reason was internal operation cost which stayed at a high level is the result of. The international experience indicated that, the commercial aviation airplane ticket sale cost is equal 17% which receives to the passenger, saves the sales cost reduces one of ticket price main ways. But promotes on Internet to sell the airplane ticket, compares with the traditional travel agency order form may save 75% sales cost; The cancellation paper airplane ticket, the implementation electron airplane ticket similarly may reduce the sales cost (to occupy in American electron airplane ticket shows a ticket total 50%); Breaks the one's own administrative monopoly the national order form system, the permission multinational corporation participates in the competition, also may reduce various commercial aviations enterprise the sales cost.
第2个回答 2007-11-11
希望对你有帮助
这是一个比较权威的翻译软件
Enters the economical globalization process the substantive significance not only is maximum limit implements the economy open and the international trade liberalization, moreover, more importantly must establish one kind to be more effective, the fairer international competition order, namely international industrial organization's system and policy frame. Industrial organization's system and the policy frame basic question is, forms is advantageous to the enterprise the effective competition has the possibility to obtain most has the market achievements the market mechanism. Therefore, in under the economical globalization condition, our country government needs to solve in the commercial aviation shipping industry development the most important question is: Forms is advantageous to being effective, the fair competition and the cooperation system environment, but non- other.
Which promotes with government's profits and taxes the benefit direction is consistent exterior the vested interest group's profession benefit, the control system arrangement transforms often is needs the pressure. This kind of pressure mainly comes from after other to be possible to substitute the transport mode operation efficiency the enhancement and enters the world the overseas high efficiency operation commercial aviation shipping industry brutal competition.
Second, commercial aviation shipping industry development cost restriction factor
Decided whether the passenger does ride one of airplane primary factors is the ticket price height. Speaking of the absolute ticket price, China's ticket price on has outdone the American ticket price 16%, here American ticket price or all seats on a ship average price, but China's ticket price is the economy class cabin price, if China's ticket price includes the first-class cabin the price to be able to be higher.
In 1999, American average each person rides above airplane 5, but in the Chinese average every 20.5 people only then has 1 person to ride airplane 1. If China in average 2 individual has 1 person to ride 1 time of airplane every year, a year passenger transport rate will surpass 600 million people, this numeral will be above 1999 10 times. Zheng Xingwu in "WTO And Aviation Shipping industry Opening" center thought the ticket price excessively high creates Chinese National Aviation Corporation carrying rate not to be generally high, is average from the 1980s 59% drops to below present 57%. Perhaps, Zheng's viewpoint trades view more accurate: In under our country present income level, the ticket price excessively high becomes the influence carrying rate important attribute.
"Meets excessively high about why the commercial aviation airplane ticket price", the author once has exchanged with the China southern airlines's staff, their reply was, the civil air trsportation capital expenditure is the fuel oils and the staff wages, the fuel oils price continuously stays at a high level, the staff wages has the rigidity, therefore the airplane ticket price decides really is like this the cost is high, will not have later on for it.
According to the statistical material, the navigation material import customs duty rate is between 2-30%, the increment duty tax rate is 17%, the navigation material import average synthesis tax rate is 30%, this greatly increased the air movement enterprise's production cost. Moreover, the international market jet fuel average price is 1.6 Yuan /kg, the customs duty is 9%, the increment duty tax rate is 17%, the duty paying value is 2.04 Yuan /kg, rose 27.5% compared to the international price; But the domestic market price is 2.43 Yuan /kg, rose 52% compared to the international price. In 1997 only the commercial aviation subordinate enterprise consumed fuel 3.275 million tons, because domestic and foreign prices difference this item, these enterprises paid 2.72 billion Yuan jet fuel cost much, nearly was equal to the entire profession loss volume. In addition, has not changed in the situation in exterior cost, last year the commercial aviation industry appeared the entire profession large amount loss, its basic reason was internal operation cost which stayed at a high level is the result of. The international experience indicated that, the commercial aviation airplane ticket sale cost is equal 17% which receives to the passenger, saves the sales cost reduces one of ticket price main ways. But promotes on Internet to sell the airplane ticket, compares with the traditional travel agency order form may save 75% sales cost; The cancellation paper airplane ticket, the implementation electron airplane ticket similarly may reduce the sales cost (to occupy in American electron airplane ticket shows a ticket total 50%); Breaks the one's own administrative monopoly the national order form system, the permission multinational corporation participates in the competition, also may reduce various commercial aviations enterprise the sales cost.
第3个回答 2007-11-11
汗......好有难度.比专八的翻译题目还难!
如果在现实社会,这么一大段话,请翻译公司翻译,至少1张.